Pridiyathorn Science Journal

Development of Pineapple Sorbet Ice Cream Mixed with Torch Ginger

Kanokwan Phumivanichakit — 2024-11-26

Torch ginger was a local plant that was popularly grown in Narathiwat Province. It had medicinal benefits, especially antioxidants, so it was increased value to agricultural products. and create new innovative products for consumers. Therefore, this research aimed to develop a pineapple sorbet ice cream product mixed with torch ginger. The ratio between pineapple juice and torch ginger juice which 4 formulas consisted of formula 1 the ratio as 100 : 0 (control), formular 2 the ratio as 97.5 : 2.5, formula 3 the ratio as 95 : 5, and formula 4 the ratio as 92.5 : 7.5. Investigation of the chemical properties, physical properties and sensory evaluation. The results of the study found that the pH values of the 4 formulas were different, that with formula 4 is the highest acidity with an average of 3.46±0.01 due to the high proportion of torch ginger juice. The color analysis was shown differences among the four formulas. Formula 1 (control) was the highest L* and b* values with average values of 41.10±0.05 and 5.88±0.03, respectively, because they were yellowness and brightness values. Corresponds to the color of pineapple ice cream that was not contain of torch ginger juice. The formula 3 was the highest a* (redness) value with average 1.87±0.01 because of the red hue from the torch ginger. There were no significant differences in overrun among the four formulas. The study of melting rate, found that the formula 4 was the lowest. Sensory evaluation results from consumer satisfaction were found that acceptance in terms of appearance, color, aroma, texture, flavor, and overall preference. There was no statistically significant difference, with all formulas being liked moderately to like very much scales. From the suggestion and opinion from the testers, it was found that the tasters decided to choose formula 3 which the ratio of pineapple juice to torch ginger juice was 95 : 5. However considering the solubility properties The most suitable formula was formula 4 with a ratio of pineapple juice to torch ginger juice of 92.5 : 7.5, which melting rate the slowest.

Culm Anatomy and Fiber Characteristics of Blue Rush (Lepirania articulata (Retz.) Domin)

Sutthiratana Khaopakro — 2024-11-26

The culm anatomy and fiber characteristics of Lepironia articulata (Retz.) Domin (Cyperaceae) culm were examined using a compound light microscope. The culm is round.The epidermis is one row and cortex consists of chlorenchyma and sclerenchyma. The sclerenchyma is arranged in strands connected to the epidermis, grider and surrounded the vascular bundle. The vascular bundles are arranged in a single row, with 2 sizes: small and large. The pith consists of hollow aerenchyma. The macerated fiber was slender in shape with pointed end. The fiber yields were decreased as more concentrations of sodium hydroxide were used. However, water retting was unable to separate the fibers from other tissue.

The Color Treatment from Batik Wastewater in Narathiwat Community by using Chemical Process

Piyawan Leechart — 2024-11-26

The batik production process led to the wastewater that are contaminated with color and heavy metals ion inclusion in a dye molecule from dyeing and washing process. The objective of the project was study the color treatment efficiency in batik wastewater from two batik production communities of the small and micro community enterprise (SMCE) in Narathiwat province. The study of color treatment in batik wastewater by using the twelve chemical reagents such as Aluminum sulphate (Al₂(SO₄)₃), Calcium chloride (CaCl₂), Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), Iron (II) sulphate (FeSO₄), Nitric acid (HNO₃), Potassium chloride (KCl), Potassium hydroxide (KOH), Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄), Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), Sodium metabisulphite, (Na₂S₂O₅) and Sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) concentration 1, 3 and 5% were investigated for the type of chemical reagents that have the hightest color treatment efficiency. Then, the type of chemical reagents from the experiment results were studied the effect of stirring duration time of the mixing chemical reagents in wastewater at 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 90 minutes. The results were shown that 3% of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) with stirring duration time 90 minutes was the highest color removal. The highest color treatment efficiency of batik wastewater from the community 1 and community 2 were about 90.15 and 76.90%, respectively. The pH of the system after wastewater treatment were about 10.00–11.20.

The Study of Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability Using TAI Technique Cooperative Learning Activities on Factoring Quadratic Polynomials of Matthayomsuksa 2 Students at Muang Suratthani School

Jirawan Thepjinda — 2024-11-26

The objectives of this research were to 1) study the mathematical problem-solving ability using TAI technique cooperative learning activities on factoring quadratic polynomials of Matthayomsuksa 2 students, 2) compare the students’ mathematical problem-solving ability after participating in the cooperative learning activities with the 70% criterion, and 3) examine the students’ satisfaction level with the use of cooperative learning activities. The cluster random sampling was utilized, resulting in a study sample of 42 Matthayomsuksa 2 students from one classroom at Muang Suratthani School during semester 2 of the academic year 2023. The research data collection instruments employed consisted of nine lesson plans on mathematical problem-solving ability using TAI technique cooperative learning activities on factoring quadratic polynomials of Matthayomsuksa 2 students development, a teacher behavior observation form, a student behavior observation form, a post-learning record, logbooks, student interviews, a 9-item subjective post 1-4 operation cycle test, a 5-item subjective mathematical problem-solving test, and a 15-item questionnaire with a 5-point rating scale on student’s satisfaction with the use of TAI technique cooperative learning activities. The statistical measures employed for data analysis included the mean, standard deviation, and One Sample T-test.

Heavy Metals in Environment Water Sources and Wastewater in Thailand: Harm, Measurement Methods, Detected Levels, and Removal Techniques

Rawiwan Wattanayon — 2024-11-26

Heavy metals are widely used in industry and agriculture today. As a result, heavy metals can enter the food chain of living organisms, including humans and animals. Long-term exposure to heavy metals, even at low concentration levels, can adversely affect health, lead to disabilities, diseases, or even life-threatening conditions. Therefore, studying the sources, chemical transformations, degradation processes, accumulation patterns of heavy metals, and methods for their removal is crucial to understanding and finding ways to control these issues. The techniques used to measure the concentrations of heavy metals must employ advanced methods due to the low levels of these metals present. Additionally, the accuracy and precision of the methods must be ensured at every stage, from sampling, sample preparation, contamination removal, to the measurement methods. Each technique has its own strengths and weaknesses, depending on the application, budget, and expertise of the operator, which must be considered when selecting a removal method. Recent research has indicated that heavy metal concentrations have been measured in various locations in Thailand, including the Port of Bangkok, Laem Chabang Port, the upper Gulf of Thailand coastline, the Chao Phraya river, Tha Thapao estuary, the Tha Chin estuary, and wastewater from hospitals and industries. Heavy metal contamination has also been detected in fishing communities in Narathiwat province, with measured levels in water sources reaching mgL^-1, and several areas exceeding standard limits. For instance, at the mouth of the Tha Thapao estuary in Chumphon province in 2011, cadmium, copper, lead, and nickel were found to exceed surface water standards. Similarly, in the Tha Chin estuary and its branches (from Nakhon Chai to the Tha Chin estuary) in 2013, arsenic levels exceeded surface water quality standards, and in the Mun River area in 2017, zinc, lead, cadmium, and copper were also found to exceed standard limits.

Regarding methods for removing heavy metals and developing effective and environmentally friendly removal techniques, extensive studies have been conducted worldwide, including ion exchange, chemical precipitation, electrochemical processes, adsorption, reverse osmosis, solvent extraction, and membrane filtration. Given that research reports on heavy metal contamination in the environment in Thailand are still limited, it should have more encouragement for research and publication.

Development of the Properties of Divisibility and Exact Divisibility by Powers of the Integers in the Lucas Sequences of the First and Second Kinds

Kritkhajohn Onphaeng — 2024-11-26

This article provides a comprehensive compilation and organization the properties of divisibility and exact divisibility by powers of the integers in the Fibonacci sequence, Lucas sequence, and other recurrence relations. It also explores properties related to the development of divisibility properties and exact divisibility by powers of the integers in the Lucas sequences of the first and second kinds. By exploring the development of these properties from 1970 to 2021, it highlights the contributions of numerous researchers over this 51-year period and identifies avenues for future research.