The Reduction of Free Fatty Acid Content in Coconut Oil by Using Trifluoroacetic Acid as Catalyst
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Abstract
This research was studied to find optimum conditions for reducing the amount of free fatty acids in coconut oil which has a high amount of free fatty acids, to less than 1% w/w by esterification reaction with methanol by using trifluoroacetic acid as a catalyst. In addition, the results of 4 important variables that effect on the esterification reaction were studied. These variables included methanol content (40, 50, 60 and 70% v/v), catalyst content (0.46, 0.92, 1.84, 2.76 mol/L), reaction temperature (30, 40, 50 and 60 °C), and reaction time (2, 3, 4, and 5 hours). Coconut oil used as a reactant had an initial free fatty acid content of 17.98% w/w. The results showed that the free fatty acids in coconut oil were reduced to 0.92% w/w under optimum conditions by various types of variables. These variables have been report a positive effect on the esterification reaction. The exception has been reported when catalyst amounts of 1.84 and 2.76 mol/L and reaction times of 4 and 5 hours were used.
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