The Spatial Relationship between Land Surface Temperature and Land Use in Bangkok

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between land use types and land surface temperature (LST) derived from the analysis of Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS satellite data from February 14, 2024 (Path 129 Row 50 and Path 129 Row 51). The bands used for the analysis included Band 4 (Red) Band 5 (Near Infrared, NIR) Band 6 (Short-Wave Infrared, SWIR) and Band 10 (Thermal Infrared, TIRS). The analysis results revealed that community and built-up areas had the highest average temperature at 31.35^∘C, followed by miscellaneous areas at 30.41^∘C, vegetated areas at 29.71^∘C, agricultural areas at 28.84^∘C, and water bodies at 27.75^∘C, respectively. These findings reflect that urban areas characterized by impermeable surface structures, such as concrete and asphalt, tend to retain more heat than natural areas that facilitate evapotranspiration and reduce surface temperature. Furthermore,
a statistically significant negative correlation was found between land surface temperature and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), with an average correlation coefficient of -0.86, indicating that areas with dense vegetation cover tend to have lower surface temperatures. Conversely, the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) showed a significant positive correlation with land surface temperature, with an average correlation coefficient of 0.89. This clearly suggests that areas with a higher proportion of built-up structures tend to have higher surface temperatures. The results of this study can be utilized as baseline information for land use planning and environmental management at the local level to effectively mitigate the urban heat island effect.