Solvent optimization enhanced phenolic content and antioxidant activity in ultrasound-assisted extraction of Boesenbergia rotunda rhizomes
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Abstract
The study revealed that using 100% acetone as the solvent in ultrasound-assisted extraction yielded the highest levels of total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), with values of 10.63±0.48 mg GAE/g DW and 34.27±1.82 µmol TE/g DW, respectively. In contrast, the solvent combination of ethanol and acetone (50:50) produced the highest antioxidant capacity based on the ABTS assay, reaching 100.31±4.80 µmol TE/g DW. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.9388) was observed between TPC and FRAP antioxidant activity. The findings highlighted that solvent selection significantly affected the extraction efficiency of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties from Boesenbergia rotunda rhizomes. Notably, acetone was most effective for extracting TPC and FRAP, while a 50:50 ethanol-acetone blend was ideal for ABTS. This is underscored the pivotal role of solvent choice in optimizing the extraction of bioactive compounds, enhancing the therapeutic potential of herbal sources.
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