Paclobutrazol enhances yield and secondary compound accumulation in Curcuma longa L.
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The results indicated that the application of different concentrations of PBZ at 60 days preharvest had an impact on yield after harvest at 9 months while the color of turmeric remained relatively consistent. In all treatments, the rhizome color was yellow to orange. The fresh weight of the rhizome showed no significant differences within the range of 0-800 mg/L PBZ treatments, with the lowest yield observed in 1,200 mg/L PBZ treatment. The dry weight percentage was highest when treated with 800 mg/L PBZ for the mother rhizome and 600 mg/L PBZ for the finger rhizome. Regarding the accumulation of secondary compounds, highly significant differences among the treatments were found for the content of total flavonoids and total phenolics while curcumin showed significant differences. The treatment with 1,200 mg/L PBZ had the highest total phenolics content at 78.18 mg GAE/gDW and total flavonoids at 295.54 mg QUE/gDW. PBZ-treated plants also showed higher curcumin content and percentage than the non-treated plants. These findings indicated that the application of PBZ has the potential to improve both the yield and quality of turmeric, which is advantageous for cultivating this valuable medicinal plant.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Abd El-Aal, M. M. M. and Mohamed, Y. F. Y. (2017). Effect of pinching and paclobutrazol on growth, flowering, anatomy and chemical compositions of potted geranium (Pelargonium zonal L.) plant. International Journal of Plant and Soil Science, 17:1-22.
Arifin, Z., Hadi, S., Sutanto, B. and Widhiyanuriyawan, D. (2022). Investigation of curcumin and chlorophyll as mixed natural dyes to improve the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. EVERGREEN Joint Journal of Novel Carbon Resource Sciences and Green Asia Strategy, 09:17-22.
Baldi, A., De Luca, A., Maiorano, P., D'Angelo, C. and Giordano, A. (2020). Curcumin as an anticancer agent in malignant mesothelioma: A review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences MDPIA, 21:1839.
Baskar, R., Shrisakthi, S., Sathyapriya, B. B., Sathyapriya, R., Nithya, R. and Poongodi, P. (2011). Antioxidant potential of peel extracts of banana varieties (Musa sapientum). Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2:1128 -1133.
Biswas, A., Mandal, T., Das, S. and Thakur, B. (2018). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth and flowering of pansi (Viola x wittrockiana Gams.) under West Bengal conditions. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7:2125-2130.
Cavalcante, Í. H. L., Nogueira e Silva, G. J., Cavacini, J. A., Araújo e Amariz, R., Tonetto de Freitas, S., Oliveira de Sousa, K. Â., Almeida da Silva, M. and Gomes da Cunha, J. (2020). Metconazole on inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis and flowering management in mango. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 62:89-95.
Chang, C., Yang, M. and Wen, H. (2002). Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 10:178-182.
de Oliveira Filho, J. G., de Almeida, M. J., Sousa, T. L., dos Santos, D. C. and Egea, M. B. (2021). Bioactive compounds of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Reference Series in Phytochemistry, 297-318.
Desta, B. and Amare, G. (2021). Paclobutrazol as a plant growth regulator. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 8:1.
Dinler, B. S., Cetinkaya, H., Sergiev, I., Shopova, E. and Todorova, D. (2022)) Paclobutrazol dependent salt tolerance is related to CLC1 and NHX1 gene expression in soybean plants. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus, 2:25-38.
El-Sayed, S. M., Hassan, K. M., Abdelhamid, A. N., Yousef, E. E., Abdellatif, Y. M. R., Abu-Hussien, S. H., Nasser, M. A., Elshalakany, W. A., Darwish, D. B. E. and Abdulmajeed, A. M. (2022) Exogenous paclobutrazol reinforces the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of lavender (Lavandula officinalis L.) oil through modulating its composition of oxygenated terpenes. Plants, 11: 1607.
Gopi R., Jaleel, C. A., Divyanair, V., Azooz, M. M. and Panneerselvam, R. (2009). Effect of paclobutrazol and ABA on total phenol contents in different parts of holy basil (Ocimum sanctum). Academic Journal of Plant Sciences, 2:97-101.
Hajihashemi, S. and Ehsanpour, A. A. (2013). Influence of exogenously applied paclobutrazol on some physiological traits and growth of Stevia rebaudiana under in vitro drought stress. Biologia, 68:414-420.
Itokawa, H., Shi, Q., Akiyama, T., Morris-Natschke, S. L. and Lee, K. H. (2008). Recent advances in the investigation of curcuminoids. Chinese Medicine, 3:11.
Jasim, F. and Ali, F. (1988). A novel method for the spectrophotometric determination of curcumin and its application to curcumin spices. Microchem Journal, 38:106-110.
Lee, S. Y., Cho, S. S., Li, Y., Bae, C., Park, K. and Park, D. (2020). Anti-inflammatory Effect of Curcuma longa and Allium hookeri co-treatment via NF-κB and COX-2 pathways. Scientific Reports, 10:5718.
Mabvongwe, O., Manenji, B.T., Gwazane, M. and Chandiposha, M. (2016). The effect of paclobutrazol application time and variety on growth, yield, and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Advances in Agriculture, 2016:1-5.
Mbese, Z., Khwaza, V. and Aderibigbe, B. A. (2019). Curcumin and its derivatives as potential therapeutic agents in prostate, colon and breast cancers. Molecules, 24:4386.
Mody, D., Athamneh, A. I. and Seleem, M. N. (2019). Curcumin: a natural derivative with antibacterial activity against Clostridium difficile. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance, 21:154-161.
Nair, V. D., Jaleel, C. A., Gopi, R., Gomathinayagam, M. and Panneerselvam, R. (2009) Antioxidant potential of Ocimum sanctum under growth regulator treatments. Eurasian Journal of BioSciences, 3:1-9.
Nazarudin, A., Fauzi, R. and Tsan, F.Y. (2007). Effects of Paclobutrazol on the growth and anatomy of stems and leaves of Syzygium campanulatum. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 19:86-91.
Oglah, M. K., Mustafa, Y. F., Bashir, M. K. and Jasim, M. H. (2022). Curcumin and its derivatives: A review of their biological activities. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11:472-481.
Opio, P., Tomiyama, H., Saito, T., Ohkawa, K., Ohara, H. and Kondo, S. (2020). Paclobutrazol elevates auxin and abscisic acid, reduces gibberellins and zeatin and modulates their transporter genes in Marubakaido apple (Malus prunifolia Borkh. var. ringo Asami) rootstocks. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 155:502-511.
Prasad, S., Tyagi, A. K. and Aggarwal, B. B. (2014). Recent developments in delivery, bioavailability, absorption and metabolism of curcumin: The golden pigment from golden spice. Cancer Research Treatment, 46:2-18.
Ranatunge, I., Adikary, S., Dasanayake, P., Fernado C. D. and Soya, P. (2017). Development of a rapid and simple method to remove polyphenols from plant extracts. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry Article, 2017:1-7.
Sankar, B., Abdul-Jaleel, C., Manivannan, P., Kishorekumar, A., Somasundaram, R. and Panneerselvam, R. (2007). Effect of paclobutrazol on water stress amelioration through antioxidants and free radical scavenging enzymes in Arachis hypogaea L. Colloids and Surfaces B. Biointerfaces, 60:229-235.
Setzer, W. N., Duong, L., Poudel, A. and Mentreddy, S. R. (2021). Variation in the chemical composition of five varieties of Curcuma longa rhizome essential oils cultivated in north Alabama. Foods, 10:212.
Singleton V. L. and Rossi, J. A. (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16:144-158.
Soumya, P. R., Kumar, P. and Pal, M. (2017). Paclobutrazol: A novel plant growth regulator and multi-stress ameliorant. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 22:267-278.
Takane, R. J., de Gois Ribeiro Dantas, L. L., Medina Gurgel, A. U., Soares Cardoso de Oliveira1, L., Pontes Moreira1, J. C., and de Almeida Guimarães, M. (2019). Paclobutrazol in the cultivation of Adenium obesum. Agronomy Science and Biotechnology, 5:89-96.
Tanvir, E. M., Hossen, Md. S., Hossain Md. F, Afroz R., Gan S. H., Khalil Md. K. and Karim, N. (2017). Antioxidant properties of popular turmeric (Curcuma longa) varieties from Bangladesh. Journal of Food Quality, 2017:1-8.
Urošević, M., Nikolić, L., Gajić, I., Nikolić, V., Dinić, A. and Miljković, V. (2022). Curcumin: biological activities and modern pharmaceutical forms. Journal of antibiotics research, 11:135.
Waqas, M., Yaning, C., Iqbal, H., Shareef, M., Rehman, H. and Yang, Y. (2017). Paclobutrazol improves salt tolerance in quinoa: Beyond the stomatal and biochemical intervention Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 4:315-322.
Xia, X., Tang, Y., Wei, M. and Zhao, D. (2018). Effect of paclobutrazol application on plant photosynthetic performance and leaf greenness of herbaceous peony. Journal of Horticulturae, 4:5.
Yusop, Z., Tsan, F. Y., Jusoh, J. M. and Sahmat, S. S. (2018). Effects of paclobutrazol on growth and antioxidant content of Brassica Rapa Var. Oleifera. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7:20-25.