Isolation, identification, and heavy metal tolerance of fungi from rice growing area contaminated with cadmium and lead in San Manuel, Pangasinan, Luzon Island, Philippines
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Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of rice paddy is one of the problems in the rice growing areas. High amounts of cadmium and lead are hazardous to the health of humans, animals, plants, and the environment. The present study isolated, identified, and evaluated the potential mycoremediators from the rice growing area contaminated with heavy metals at Sitio Namangonan, Guiset Norte, San Manuel, Pangasinan, Luzon Island, Philippines. The soil sample contained 0.42 mg/kg cadmium and 57.80 mg/kg lead. Four species of fungi namely: Trichoderma koningii, Penicillium janthinellum, Penicillium resticulosum, and Penicillium nigricans were isolated from the soil contaminated with cadmium and lead. Penicillium janthenellum had highest occurrence with 42.85% among the four identified species of fungi. Furthermore, Trichoderma koningii, Penicillium resticulosum, and Penicillium nigricans are tolerant up to 100 mg/kg cadmium (Cd) concentration while Penicillium janthinellum can tolerate 10 mg/kg Cd concentration. Moreover, Trichoderma koningii, Penicillium janthinellum, Penicillium resticulosum, and Penicillium nigricans can withstand 1000 mg/kg lead (Pb) concentration. Hence, the different isolates are heavy metal tolerant in rice paddy soil contaminated with cadmium and lead.
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