The effect of the drying process on the SFE optimization of bio-compounds of mango (Mangifera indica L.) and pineapple (Ananas comosus) peels
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Abstract
The effect of vacuum and freeze drying on the optimization of the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process of mango and pineapple peels to obtain bioactive extracts was evaluated. The influence of several SFE parameters was investigated using a central composite design (CCD) with four central points, to estimate the effect of three independent variables (co-solvent flow rate, pressure and temperature) on the yield, antioxidant activity, and content of bioactive compounds. It was found that vacuum drying was more effective for mango peels (ethanol flow) and freeze-drying for pineapple peels (ethanol flow and temperature). Using the multiple response methodology by the desirability approach, the optimum SFE conditions for mango peel were found at a co-solvent flow rate of 13.65%, temperature of 36.76 °C, and pressure of 294.82 bar, whereas the optimal conditions for pineapple peel were found at a co-solvent flow rate of 12.39%, temperature of 43 °C, and pressure of 100 bar. According to these results, an adequate combination of the drying method and SFE in optimal conditions makes possible the integral use of these fruits to obtain valuable extracts with high potential to be used in various industries.
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