Fungicide resistance of chrysanthemum fungal pathogens and control of leaf spot disease in pot conditions using effective fungicides
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Abstract
Leaf spot and wilt are the most destructive diseases affecting chrysanthemum crops in Thailand. The results revealed that two leaf spot pathogens were similar to Stemphylium lycopersici and Epicoccum sorghinum, while wilt pathogens were close to Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum. Among all the tested fungicides, S. lycopersici was sensitive to iprodione, whereas E. sorghinum was found to be susceptible to three fungicides: iprodione, difenoconazole, and mancozeb. Of the soilborne fungi, F. solani was sensitive only to chlorothalonil, whereas F. oxysporum was sensitive to four fungicides: chlorothalonil, difenoconazole, copper oxychloride, and mancozeb. The two fungicides that effectively controlled leaf spots caused by E. sorghinum on detached leaves were difenoconazole (1,000 ppm) and mancozeb (2,000 ppm), with 76.9 and 84.6% disease control, respectively. Furthermore, mancozeb (2,000 ppm) greatly suppressed the disease in pot conditions by 93.9%. This finding indicated that mancozeb is an effective fungicide for further use in rotation with difenoconazole as a part of the chrysanthemum disease management program in Nakhon Ratchasima and Loei provinces
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