Callus Induction and Cell Suspension Culture from Leaves of Kadsura coccinea

Abstract

Kadsura spp. is a vine glabrous woody which belongs to Schisandraceae that is rare plant found in highland. It is an ancient plant group that low adaptation for living. Shape and scent of fruits like sugar apple, and edible when ripping. It contains the nutrition value and high antioxidants. It is a valuable medicine to prevent the tumor HIV resistant and hepatitis. In presently Kadsura spp. become extinct. The calli from leaves of Kadsura spp. was induced by this study. The leaves were sterilized and cultured on solid synthetic medium, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplement with Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) were used as 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 mg/L concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), meta-Topolin (mT), 2, 4-dichlorophenol-xyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/L of BAP combined with 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 mg/L of 2,4-D. The maximum number of leaves were induced calli of  55.55 % and 350.16 mm³ averaged area on medium with 0.5 mg/L of BAP with 0.5 mg/L of 2,4-D, but 0.5 mg/L of BAP with 2 mg/L of 2,4-D gave the highest average area (1,079.53 mm³) after 4 weeks.  The growth rate of cell suspension cultured in liquid MS medium supplement with 0.5 mg/l of BAP and 0.5 mg/l of 2,4-D resulted the fresh weight and dry weight of cell suspension with the best grown for 15 days of 1.12 g/10 mL, 0.14 g/10 mL fresh and dry weight respectively.  Cell suspension was rapidly grown during the period of 6-15 days. The cell suspension was cultured on MS solid medium combine with 0.5 mg/l of BAP and 0.5 mg/l of 2,4-D and 0.2% (W/V) AC after 4 weeks. The best result for calli induction and perfectly for plant regeneration were the MS medium without AC. This research work is developed an optimized protocol for plant breeding.