Avirulent Colletotrichum strain for controlling anthracnose disease in chilli caused by Colletotrichum capsici
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Abstract
Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum capsici (syn. Colletotrichum truncatum) is still a major problem in chilli horticulture. Nonpathogenic fungal strains offer an alternative means to control plant disease using green technology. Colletotrichum siamense G4211 was isolated and verified as an avirulent strain for chilli seeds, fruits and seedlings. Seeds treated with G4211 showed 99.25% germination. Application of G4211 resulted to produce a strong compatible interaction in chilli with no disease symptoms. Disease severity rating (DSR) was 0.15 on green and 0.1 on red fruits while 1 in seedlings. Whereas the pathogen, C. capsici Cc17, showed infection on fruits with DSR 2.5 on green and DSR 4 on red fruits while DSR 5 in seedlings. C. siamense G4211 exhibited antagonistic activity against anthracnose disease caused by Cc17. When chilli fruits and seedlings were inoculated with G4211 for 48 h before inoculation with Cc17; the fruits and seedlings showed few symptoms of disease, with DSR lower than 1. β-1, 3-glucanase and chitinase activities accumulated in the leaf of seedlings was high when pre-treated with G4211 followed by Cc17. The experiments indicated that G4211 is shown to be an elicitor of plant response by producing pathogenesis-related proteins such as β-1, 4-glucanase and chitinase. The research findings suggested that avirulent strain of Colletotrichum siamense G4211 proved to produce healthy seedlings, possible reduce chemical usage and support an eco-friendly disease management strategy
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