Antifungal activity and phytochemical analysis of Miliusa sessilis twig extract to control anthracnose disease in mango (Mangifera indica)
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Abstract
The efficacy of crude extract of Miliusa sessilis to control Colletotrichum sp. causing anthracnose disease of mango in vitro is determined. The M. sessilis twigs were extracted with four different organic solvents (hexane (Hex), ethanol (EtOH), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH). In a preliminary study, crude extracts at various concentrations from 1000-7000 ppm were tested by dual culture assay. The result showed that Hexane and EtOAc crude extracts at 7000 ppm had a high percentage of mycelial growth inhibition. For further study, Hexane and EtOAc crude extracts were carried out to investigate the diameter of mycelia growth inhibition by poisoned food technique at different concentrations (1000, 5000 and 10000 ppm). The inhibition toward mycelial growth of Colletotrichum sp. was increased with increasing concentrations of Hexane and EtOAc crude extract as compared with control. The highest percentage of inhibitory control of 90.07% and 78.52% were obtained with the efficacy of EtOAc and Hexane crude extract at 10000 ppm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration value of Hexane and EtOAc crude extract was 125 µg mL-1 against Colletotrichum sp. Phytochemical investigation of Hexane and EtOAc crude extracts was performed by NMR spectroscopic techniques and thin layer chromatography (TLC) profiling. 1H NMR spectra of Hex and EtOAc crude extracts exhibited that neolignans were predominant in the extracts. TLC profiling of the crude extracts constituted different coloured phytochemical compounds with different Rf values. The present study provided an evidence that Hexane and EtOAc crude extracts of M. sessilis contained bioactive compounds that promising for cytotoxic effects against Colletotrichum sp.
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