Chaetomium spp. as biocontrol potential to control tea and coffee pathogens in Vietnam

Abstract

The effective isolates of Chaetomium cochliodes, Chaetomium bostrychodes and Chaetomium gracile were isolated in Vietnam.  Root pathogen of coffee causing wilt was isolated and identified as Fusarium roseum and leaf anthracnose of coffee was isolated and identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The wilting tea was isolated the pathogen from roots and identified as Fusarium roseum. Result showed that in bi-culture antagonistic tests, C. gracile, C. bostrychoides and C. cochlioides could inhibit the colony growth and spore production of F. roseum causing wilt of coffee tree. With this, C. cochlioides could inhibit the spore production at 62.82 %. C gracile, C bostrychoides and C cochlioides could inhibit the colony growth and spore production of F. roseum causing wilt of coffee tree. With this, C. cochlioides could inhibit the spore production at 50.49 %. C gracile, C bostrychoides and C cochlioides could inhibit the colony growth and spore production of F. roseum causing wilt of coffee tree. With this, C. cochlioides could inhibit the spore production at 81.26 %. Moreover, all tested crude extracts at 1,000 ppm gave the best inhibition of all tested pathogens. Crude extracts with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol  of C cochlioides inhibited spore production of F. roseumcausing wilt of coffee 60.87, 78.16 and 74.57 %, respectively. Crude extracts with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol  of C. cochlioides inhibited spore inhibition of C. gloeosporiodes causing anthracnose of coffee beans 74.76, 76.50 and 67.63 %, respectively.  Crude extracts with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol  of C. cochlioides inhibited spore inhibition of F. oxysporum causing wilt of tea 71.32, 80.19 and 73.76 %, respectively. Further research findings would necessary do for optimum nutritional requirement, environmental impacts, toxicology, formulation development and extension to the growers in the field trials.  It is concluded that the effective isolates of Chaetomium cochliodes, Chaetomium bostrychodesand Chaetomium gracile reported for the first time in Vietnam that could control  root pathogens,  Fusarium roseum causing coffee and tea wilts and leaf anthracnose causing by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.