Pediculicidal activities of herbal shampoos from Zingiber officinale Roscoe and Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze against head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer:Phthiraptera).
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Abstract
The increasing resistance of head lice ((Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer:Phthiraptera:Pediculidae) to chemical pediculicides has been documented world wide, including Thailand. Moreover, chemical pediculicides have lost their efficacy and thus alternative products such as herbal essential oils, herbal shampoos have been proposed to treat head lice infestation. Therefore, the present study investigated the efficacy of two herbal shampoos based on ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe; Zingiberaceae and tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze:Theaceae) against head lice and compared them with chemical pediculicide (positive control ; 1% w/w lindane, Hexin Lice Killer®) and baby shampoo (negative control ; Johnson’s baby soft shiny shampoo®) in order to assess their in vitro efficacy.The results showed that all herbal shampoo was more effective than chemical shampoo and baby shampoo with 100% mortality at 10 min. and LT50 values ranged from 0.4 to 1.4 min. and LC50 values ranged from 1.6 to 3.2 µl/cm2. Meanwhile, chemical pediculicide and baby shampoo showed non toxicity to head lice, so 100% of head lice in chemical and baby shampoos groups survived during the observation periods(10 min). Our data demonstrates the high potential of herbal shampoos from Z. officinale and C. sinensis to be used as pediculicides against head lice in Thailand.
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