Integrated application of salicylic acid and Moringa oleifera leaf extract alleviates the salt-induced adverse effects in common bean plants
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Abstract
The effects of the integrated application of salicylic acid (SA; 1 mM) and Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE; 1 extract: 30 tap water) on the growth, yield and leaf anatomy of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants grown on a saline soil (EC = 6.23 – 6.28 dS m-1) were investigated. The integrated application of SA and MLE, used as seed soaking or foliar spray, significantly improved growth characteristics (i.e., shoot length, number and area of leaves per plant, and plant dry weight), green pod and dry seed yields (pod weight per plant and per hectare, and seed weight per plant and per hectare) and leaf anatomy of common bean plants when compared with the controls (seed soaking and foliar spray with tap water). The integrated application of SA used as seed soaking and MLE used as foliar spray, which non-significantly exceeded the integrated application of SA used as foliar spray and MLE used as seed soaking, was found to be highly effective at improving the growth and yields of bean plants by alleviating the inhibitory effects of soil salinity stress.
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References
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