Ovicidal and adulticidal activities of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf and Illicium verum Hook. f. against Aedes aegypti (Linn.)
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The hatching inhibition and knockdown rates against Aedes aegypti of two essential oils (EOs): Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf and Illicium verum Hook F was evaluated. The efficacy of each of these EOs, at 1, 5, 10% emulsion in water, stabilized by tween 60®, was compared to that of 1% w/v temephos and 1% w/w cypermethrin (common, harmful synthetic insecticides). Topical and contact assays showed that 10% C. citratus and 10% I. verum emulsions were the most effective in inhibiting the hatching of mosquito eggs (100%) after 48 hours of exposure. Moreover, they were also the most toxic against mosquito adults (100% mortality) after 24 hours of exposure. This study also established that tween 60® had no effect on hatching inhibition or mortality rate of treated Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. All EO emulsions were more potent than temephos and cypermethrin against these mosquito species. Coupling this higher efficacy with no or benign known side effects of natural EOs, it can be concluded that 10% C. citratus and 10% I. verum emulsions are better alternatives than temephos and cypermethrin for a mosquito control program at the present time.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Aungtikun, J. and Soonwera, M. (2021). Impoved adulticidal activity against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) from synergy. Scientific Reports, 11:4685.
Chansang, A., Champakaew, D., Junkum, A., Jitpakdi, A., Amornlerdpison, D., Aldred, A. K. and Pitasawat, B. (2018). Synergy in the adulticidal efficacy of essential oils for the improvement of permethrin toxicity against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasites and Vectors, 11:417.
Collins, E., Natasha, M. V., Moussa, S., Abdoul, H. B., James, O., Gena, L., Ryan, E. W., Seth, R. I., Thomas, W. and Louisa, A. M. (2019). The relationship between insecticide resistance, mosquito age and malaria prevalence in Anopheles gambiae s.l. from Guinea. Scientific Reports, 9: 8846.
Cotchakaew, N. and Soonwera, M. (2018). “Efficacise of essential oils from Illiciaceae and Zingiberaceae plant as oviposition deterrent, ovicidal, and adulticidal agents agains females Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Anopheles minimus (Theobald)”. International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 14:631-652.
Demok, S., Endersby-Harshman, N., Vinit, R., Timinao, L., Robinson, L. J., Susapu, M., Makita, L., Laman, M., Hoffmann, A. and Karl, S. (2019). Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in Papua New Guinea. Parasites and Vectors, 12:333.
Hamid., P. H., Ninditya, V. I., Prastowo, J., Haryanto, A., Taubert, A. and Hermosilla, C. (2018). Current status of Aedes aegypti insecticide resistance development from Banjarmasin, Kalimantan, Indonesia. BioMed Research International. ID 1735358.
Irshad, M., Subhani, M. A., Ali, S. and Hussain, A. (2020). Biological importance of essential oils. Biological Importance of Essential Oils. Retrieved from dio :10.5772/intechopen.87198.
Isman, M. N. (2017). Bridging the gap: Moving botanical insecticides from the laboratory to the farm. Industrial Crops and Products. 110:10-14.
Ling, L. S., Sulaiman, S. and Othman, H. (2013). Laboratory evaluation of temephos, grass infusion, and Piper aduncum extracts against the ovipository responses of Aedes aegypti. The Journal of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 36:15-22.
Kandel, Y., Julia, V., Stacy, D. R., Emily, M., Hae-Na, C., Soumi, M., Joel, J. Cordova., Kalli, J.L. M., Alex, S. M., Aditi, K., Paul, E., Sandra, M., Jiannong, Xu., Michaela, B., Kathryn, A. H. and Immo, A. H. (2019). Widespread insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti L. from New Mexico, U.S.A. PLoS One, 14:e0212693.
Nicolopoulo, S. P., Maipas, S., Kotampasi, C., Stamatis, P. and Hens, L. (2016). Chemical pesticides and human health: the urgent need for a new concept in agriculture. Front. Public Health, 4:1-8.
Pavela, R. and Benelli, G. (2016). Ethnobotanical knowledge on botanical repellents employed in the African region against mosquito vectors - a review. Parasitol,167:103-108.
Reinhold, J. M., Lazzari, C. R. and Lahondère, C. (2018). Effects of the environmental temperature on Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes: a review. Insects, 9:158.
Sarma, R., Adhikari, K., Mahanta, S. and Khanikor, B. (2020). Twenty essential oils as ovicidal agent against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). National Academy Science Letters. Retrieved from doi:10.1007/s40009-020-00923-1.
Silvério, M. R. S., Espindola, L. S., Lopes, N. P. and Vieira, P. C. (2020). Plant natural products for the control of Aedes aegypti: the main vector of important arboviruses. Molecules, 25:3484.
Sinthusiri, J. and Soonwera, M. (2014). Oviposition deterrent and ovicidal activities of seven herbal essential oils against female adults of housefly, Musca domestica L. Parasitology Research, 113:3015-3022.
Soonwera, M. and Sittichok, S. (2020). Adulticidal activities of Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf.) and Eucalyptus globulus (Labill.) essential oils and of their synergistic combinations against Aedes aegypti (L.), Aedes albopictus (Skuse), and Musca domestica (L.). Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27:20201-20214.
World Health Organization (WHO) (2018). Test procedures for insecticide resistance monitoring in malaria vector mosquitoes – 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/250677/9789241511575eng.pdf.
World Health Organization (WHO) (2020a). Dengue situation update2020. Retrieved from http://iris.wpro.who.int/handle/10665.1/14184.
World Health Organization (WHO) (2020b). What is dengue fever?. Retrieved from http://breakdengue.org/dengue-fever.
World Health Organization (WHO) (2020c). Insecticide resistance. Retrieved from www.who.int/malaria/areas/vectors-control/insectide-resistance/en.