Antifungal activity of endophytic fungi from palm trees against coffee anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum coffeanum
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Abstract
Endophytic fungi are able to produce mixture of volatile organic compounds that are lethal to human and plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Endophytic fungi Nigrospora sphaerica isolated from Chrysalidocarpus lotescens and Fusarium falciforme isolated from Mascarena Lagencuuliswere identified by morphological characters and molecular phylogeny on the basis of ITS1-5.8S-ITS4 ribosomal gene sequence acquisition and analyses. Crude hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol of these two endophytic fungi were yielded and examined for bioactivity test against Colletotrichum coffeanum causing coffee anthracnose. The results showed that crude methanol from Nigrospora sphaerica and Fusarium falciforme gave the highest inhibition of colony growth of C. coffeanum, which were 54.00% and 63.00%, respectively at concertration of 1000, 500 ppm, respectively. Methanol crude extract from Fusarium falciforme showed significantly highest inhibition for the spore production of C. coffeanum as 76.74% at the concentration of 500 ppm with effective dose (ED50) for spore production inhibition at concentration 161.14 ppm. The research findings are reported that the metabolites from Nigrospora sphaerica and Fusarium falciforme acts as new antagonist against C. coffeanum causing coffee anthracnose.
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