Diagnosing and providing the support systems needs of small scale organic rice farmers in bicol region, Philippines
Main Article Content
Abstract
With the increasing number of rice farmers wanting to shift to organic farming in the Philippines, there is a need to diagnose the needs in terms of technologies, policies and support services that will promote compliance of our small scale farmers to national standards on organic agriculture. The study determined the practices, gaps and problems of small organic rice farmers, and recommended specific actions to overcome gaps and problems in the adoption of organic rice farming. Data and information were gathered from individuals, organizations and groups known to practice organic farming through primary and secondary data gathering, key informant interviews (KII), and focus group discussions (FGD). Support systems mostly needed are the following: a) seed production and saving b) alternative methods on pest management; c) climate-smart farm planning; d) climate-smart post-harvest facilities; and d) effective market support systems. Moreover, there is a need to conduct extension support services on seed production, localized seed saving systems and ecological pest management to increase knowledge and know-how of organic agriculture adopters. Lastly, provision of community-based common service facilities for seed drying and storage, and marketing support are crucial to improve productivity.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Asian Development Bank (2015). Organic agriculture and post 2015 development goals: building on the comparative advantage of poor farmers. Mandaluyong City, Philippines. 98 pp.
Carada, W. B., Amit, M. G. C., Querijero, N. J. V. B., Paunlagui, M. M. and Quimbo, M. A. T. (2012). Formulating Partnership: A Framework for Analysis and Application in Southern Tagalog and the Bicol Region, Philippines. Partneship for Food Security. Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Agricultural Research and University of the Philippines Los Banos pp. 30-34.
Barry, H. and Yoder, B. L. (2002). Multiple Predictors of contribution by women to agriculture. Cross-Cultural Research 36:286-297.
Esham, M. and Garforth, C. (2012). Agricultural adaptation to climate change: insights from a farming community in Sri Lanka. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 18:535-549.
FAO (2011). Organic agriculture and climate change mitigation: A Report of the round table on organic agriculture and climate change. Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, Rome. pp. 1-82.
Kathiresan, R. (2007). Integration of elements of a farming system for sustainable weed and pest management in the tropics. Crop Protection 26:424-429.
Liamputtong, P. (2010). Focus group methodology : introduction and history. In Qualitative Research Methods pp. 1-14.
Marenco, R. A. and Santos, V. M. B. (1999). Crop rotation reduces weed competition and increases chlorophyll concentration and yield of rice. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira 34:1881-1887.
Masadeh, M. A. (2012). Focus group : reviews and practices. International Journal of Applied Science and Technology 2:63-68. Retrieved from http://www.ijastnet.com/journals/Vol_2_No_10_December_2012/9.pdf.
Medina, C. P. (2002). Empowering farmers for rural development: the MASIPAG experience. Biotechnology and Development Monitor 49:15–18. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lah&AN=20023064613&site=ehost-livenemail: masipag@mozcom.com.
Mendoza, T. C. (2004). Evaluating the benefits of organic farming in rice agroecosystems in the Philippines. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 24:93-115.
Rahman, M. A., Thant, A. A., Win, M., Tun, M. S., Moet, P., Thu, A. M. and Singh, R. K. (2015). Participatory varietal selection (PVS): A “bottom-up” breeding approa. pp. 299-314.
Rahman, M. M., Islam, A. M., Azirun, S. M. and Boyce, A. N. (2014). Tropical legume crop rotation and nitrogen fertilizer effects on agronomic and nitrogen efficiency of rice. Scientific World Journal. 11 pp.
Schulz, S., Keatinge, J. D. H. and Wells, G. J. (1999). Productivity and residual effects of legumes in rice-based cropping systems in a warm-temperate environment: II. Residual effects on rice. Field Crops Research 61:37-49.
Scialabba, N. E. H. and Müller-Lindenlauf, M. (2010). Organic agriculture and climate change. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 25:158-169.
Smit, B. and Skinner, M. W. (2002). Adaptation options in agriculture to climate change : A mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change, 7(UNFCCC 1992). pp. 85-114.
Stewart, D. W., Shamdasani, P. N. and Rook, D. W. (2013). Conducting the Focus Group. In Focus Groups. pp. 89-109.
Vanclay, F., Russel, A. and Kimber, J. (2013). Enhancing knowledge in agriculture at the policy level: The potential contribution of technology assessment. Land Use Policy Journal. pp. 406-411.
Zorn, A., Lippert, C. and Dabbert, S. (2013). An analysis of the risks of non-compliance with the European organic standard: A categorical analysis of farm data from a German control body food control. pp. 692-699.