Effect of strain and gender on production performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The effects of strain and gender on production performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of broiler chickens were examined. There were no significant interactions between broiler strain and gender (P>0.05). Arbor Acres showed significantly higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG), while feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly lower than Ross308 and Cobb500, especially in the fifth and sixth weeks of age. Arbor Acres also showed the highest slaughter weight (P<0.05). However, carcass composition was not significantly different between strains. There were no significant differences between the strains in muscle pH, drip loss and cooking loss. However, Cobb500 had a lower shear force value than the others (P<0.05). As for the gender-specific effect, BW and ADG of male broilers were higher than those of females from the second to the sixth week of age (P<0.01). At the second week of age, female broilers had higher FI, while male broilers had higher FI from the third to the sixth week of age (P<0.01). Male broilers had lower FCR than females from the fourth to the sixth week of age (P<0.01). Male broilers had higher slaughter weight, carcass weight and carcass composition weight (P<0.01) except for abdominal fat (P>0.05). Percent carcass composition did not differ among broiler strains except for percent tenderloin and percent abdominal fat, which were higher in females than males (P<0.01). Broiler strains had no effect on meat quality except that Cobb500 had lower shear force (P<0.05). The pH3, pH24 and yellowness color values had differed between genders, which male muscle had higher pH3 (P<0.05), pH24 (P<0.01) than female but female muscle had higher yellowness value than male (P<0.05). Interaction effect between breed and gender was found in lightness (P<0.01) and redness colors (P<0.05)
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Abdullah, Y., Al-BeitawiRjoup, M., Qudsieh, R. and Abu Ishmais, M. (2010). Growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics of different commercial crosses of broiler strains of chicken. Poultry Science, 47:13-21.
Brewer, V. B., Owens, C. M. and Emmert, J. L. (2012). Phase feeding in a big-bird production scenario: Effect on growth performance, yield, and fillet dimension. Poultry Science, 91:1256-1261.
Castellini, C., Mugnai, C., Pedrazzoi, M. and Dal B. (2014). Productive performance and carcass traits of Leghorn chickens and their crosses reared according to the organic farming system. www.equizoobio.it/downloads/ castellini-01.pdf.
Choo, Y. K., Kwon, H. J., Oh, S. T., Um, J. S., Kim, B. G., Kang, C. W., Lee, S. K. and An, B. K. (2014). Comparison of growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Korean local chickens and silky fowl. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 27:398-405.
Ciurescu, G. and Grosu, H. (2011). Effect of feed utilization by different hybrids of broiler chicks. Archiva Zootechnica, 14:36-43.
DLD data and information center (2020). Information of animal farmers and chickens by province, fiscal year 2020. Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand.
Engku Azahan, E. A., Marini, A. M. and Noraziah, M. (2007). Evaluation on the effects of sex on growth and carcass characteristics of broilers. Journal of Tropical Agriculture and Food Science, 35:313-318.
Ikusika, O., Falowo, A., Mpendulo, C., Zindove, T., and Okoh, A. (2020). Effect of strain, sex and slaughter weight on growth performance, carcass yield and quality of broiler meat. Open Agriculture, 5, 607-616.
Livingston, M. L., Cowieson, A. J., Crespo, R., Hoang, V., Nogal, B., Browning, M. and Livingston, K. A. (2020). Effect of broiler genetics, age, and gender on performance and blood chemistry. Heliyon, 6:e04400.
Lopez, K. P., Schilling, M. W. an Ikusika d Corzo, A. (2011). Broiler genetic strain and sex effects on meat characteristics. Poultry Science, 90:1105-1111.
Marcu, A., Vacaru, Opris, I., Marcu, A., Danaila, L., Dronca, D. and Kelciov, B. (2013). The influence of genotype and sex on carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Lucrari Stiintifice-Seria Zootechnie, 50:16-21. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 272093442.
Nascimento, do D. C. N., Dourado, L. R. B., Siqueira, de J. C., Lima, de S. B. P., Silva, da M. da C. M., Silva, da G. G., Sakomura, N. K., Ferreira, G. J. B. de C. and Biagiotti, D. (2018). “Productive features of broiler chickens in hot weather: effects of strain and sex.” Ciencias Agrarias, 39:731-745.
Northcutt, J. K., Buhr, R. J., Young, L. L., Lyon, C. E. and Ware, G. O. (2001). Influence of age and post chill carcass aging duration on chicken breast fillet quality. Poultry Science, 80:808-812.
Olawumi, S. O., Fajemilehin, S. O and Fagbuaro, S. S. (2012). Genotype x sex interaction effects on carcass traits of three strains of commercial broiler chickens. Journal of World’s Poultry Research, 2:21-24.
Ojedapo, L. O., Akinokun, O., Adedeji, T. A., Olayeni, T. B., Ameen, S. A. and Amao, S. R. (2008). Effect of strain and sex on carcass characteristics of three commercial broilers reared in deep litter system in derived savanna area of Nigeria. World Journal of Agricultural Science, 4:487-491.
Petracci, M., Mudalal, S., Soglia, F. and Cavani, C. (2015). Meat quality in fast-growing broiler chickens. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 71:363-374.
Pripwai, N., Pattanakong, N. and Teltahun, T. (2014). Carcass characteristics and meat quality of Thai inheritance chickens. International Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 6:182-188.
Ristic, M. (2005). Influence of breed and weight class on the carcass value of broilers. In 17th European Symposium on the Quality of Poultry Meat Doorwerth, The Netherlands, 23-26 May 2005, pp.194-199.
Rokonuzzaman, S. S. J., Shawkat, A., Akhtarul, I. and Shariful, I. (2015). Growth performance of three broiler strains in winter seasons in Bangladesh. International Journal of Agricultural Policy and Research, 3:308-313
Saijai, K. and Damnern, S. (2020). Comparison of carcass yields in four strains of commercial broiler chickens popularly raised in Thailand. KKU Veterinary Journal, 3:95-104.
Shim, M. Y., Tahir, M., Karnuah, A. B., Miller, M., Pringle, T. D., Aggrey, S. E. and Pesti, G. M. (2012). Strain and sex effects on growth performance and carcass traits of contemporary commercial broiler crosses. Poultry Science, 91:2942-2948.
Statistical Analysis Software [SAS] (2004). SAS/STAT User guide, Version 9.1.2. Cary, NC.
Suchon, T., Tanachai, T., Prajit U., Watcharin, K., Supunsa, A. and Boonlom, C. (2017). Comparison of pro
duction performance and carcass composition of commercial Broiler strains 1. Cobb, Arbor Acres and Ross. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 2:210-216.
Taha, A. E., Abd El-Ghany, F. A. and Sharaf, M. M. (2010). Strain and sex effects on productive and slaughter performance of developed local Egyptian and Canadian chicken strains. Egyptian Poultry Science, 30:1059-1072.
Tanachai, T., Suchon, T., Prajit, U., Watcharin, K., Supunsa, A. and Boonlom, C. (2017) Comparison of production performance and carcass composition of commercial broiler strains 2. Cobb and Ross. Agricultural Science Journal, 48:217-224.
Thutwa, K., Nsoso, H. J., Kgwatalala, P. M. and Moreki, J. C. (2012). Comparative live weight, growth performance, feed intake carcass traits and meat quality in two strains of Tswana chickens raised under intensive system. International Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 11:121-126.
Udeh, I., Ezebor, P. N. and Akporahuarho, P. O. (2015). Growth performance and carcass yield of three commercial strains of broiler chickens raised in a tropical environment. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and healthcare, 5:62-67.
Zerehdaran, S., Vereijken, A. L. J. van Arendonk, J. A. M. and van der Waaij, E. H. (2004). Effect of age and housing system on genetic parameters for broiler carcass traits Poultry Science, 84:833-838.
Zuidhof, M. J., Schneider, B. L., Carney, V. L., Korver, D. R. and Robinson, F. E. (2014). Growth, efficiency, and yield of commercial broilers from 1957, 1978, and 2005. Poultry Science, 93:1-13.