Effect of feeding banana stalk on the physical quality and nutritive value of eggs, fatty acid profile, and lipid quality index in yolk of laying hens under a free-range rearing system in bamboo plantation
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Abstract
Animal welfare in the livestock systems is a major concern around the world. Consumers, stakeholders, and governments increasingly desire and administer the well-being and better management of animals kept for food production. The performance of natural behaviors is one aspect of animal welfare that typically resonates strongly with the general public. More natural living condition is thought to be achievable, in the case of laying hens, by providing access to an area outside a building. Feeding banana stalk laying hens under a free-range rearing system in bamboo plantation (FBS-FRRS) is the distinctive method in Don Rae subdistrict, Ratchaburi province, Thailand. The results showed that the battery cage rearing system (CON) and FBS-FRRS had a significantly higher shell color score as well as the redness and yellow value of boiled yolk (P<0.05). FBS-FRRS albumen and whole eggs had significantly higher protein content than the CON group (P<0.05). However, FBS-FRRS yolk had significantly lower dry matter, ether extract, and gross energy CON yolk (P<0.05). Furthermore, FBS-FRRS increased total cholesterol and decreased iodine content in the yolk (P<0.05). Additionally, ∑MUFA, ∑PUFA, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, DHA, ∑Omega3, ∑Omega-6 and ∑Omega-9 contents of yolk increased in the FBS-FRRS groups (P<0.05). Likewise, FBS-FRRS had a significant decrease in thrombogenicity index (P<0.05), indicating potential benefits for health-conscious consumers. In conclusion, the result showed that FBS-FRRS can be used by farmers. It has the potential to be one aspect of animal welfare management in enhancing yolk color and functional eggs production
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