Phytochemical efficiency, fumigant toxicity and repellent activity of certain plant extract against storage rice weevil (Tribolium castaneum)
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Abstract
An assessment was made about the phytochemical constituents of ethanolic extract of Cassia auriculata, Moringa oleifera, and Plectranthus amboinicus, as well as fumigant toxicity and repellent activity against the rice weevil, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera Tenebrionidae). A variety of phytochemical components were evaluated by the crude extract, including alkaloids, phenols, steroids, reducing sugars, tannins, anthraquinones, terpenoids, flavonoids, and saponins. Using the topical application toxicity method, the adult beetles were exposed to plant extracts for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cassia auriculata expressed the greatest mortality of (63.2±0.8% and LC50 value was 31.62(mg/ml)) in Tribolium castaneum, followed by Plectranthus amboinicus (55.22±0.8% & LC50 value was 44.66 mg/ml), and Moringa oleifera (47.2±0.8% and LC50 value was 63.09 mg/ml) after 72 hours. Cassia auriculata was also found to be highly repellent against rice pests with 42.4±0.97 %. It is recommended that phytochemical activity expressed an effective protection of stored grains from Tribolium castaneum.
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