Egg production, quality, and hatchability rates of Philippine ducks (Anas luzonica) in response to low-cost cassava-based rations
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Abstract
It is the firstly reported the effects of cassava-based ingredients at the inclusion of 30 to 40% (cassava meal and cassava leaf meal) on the overall ducks' egg performance, quality, and hatchability. The different treatments significantly impacted the ducks' egg production and quality parameters except for the hatchability rates (df=4, 8; F=0.42; P=>0.05). Treatment 4 (pure commercial feeds) produced the highest number of eggs per year (df=4, 8; F=29.36; P=000) at 277 and followed by treatment 5 (farmer-based formulation and commercial feeds [1:1 ratio] at 200. In terms of the quality parameters, the ducks in treatments 1 (30% cassava-based ration), 2 (35% cassava-based ration), and 3 (40% cassava-based ration) produced medium eggs with 31.74%, 27.01%, and 28.52%, respectively. The ducks yielded extra-large eggs in treatment 4 at 37.68% and treatment 5 at 40.69%. Treatment 4 produced the heaviest weight per egg at 60.0 g (df=4, 8; F=8.13; P=<0.01) while Treatment 2 produced the heaviest shell at 11.0 g (df=4, 8; F=6.68; P=<0.05). The egg performance of ducks fed with cassava-based materials is not comparable to those fed with pure commercial feeds and a combination of farmer-based formulation with commercial feeds (1:1 ratio). Further study is recommended to increase the study duration to three months to attain the peak of egg production, especially for the cassava-based ration-fed ducks.
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