Antifungal and antibacterial activities of essential oil from Som Keaw (Citrus nobilis) in Thailand
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Abstract
The essential oil from Citrus nobilis leave was displayed antibacterial activity higher than that from the fruit’s peel, with inhibition zone against Erwinia chrysanthemi and Xanthomonas axonopodis at 10,000 ppm as 10.67 mm and 11.33 mm, respectively. The pure essential oil from the peel 20 µL, however, displayed the highest antibacterial activity against E. chrysanthemi and X. axonopodis with the inhibition zone 20.00 mm and 14.00 mm, respectively. The antifungal activity was tested by vapour phase technique against five plant pathogenic fungi Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium sacchari, Pythium sp. and Rhizoctonia solani at 5, 10 and 20 µL/disc. Results show the essential oil from the peel extract completely inhibited mycelial growth of Pythium sp. and strongly inhibited R. solani. Additionally, the essential oil from leaf strongly inhibited mycelial growth of Pythium sp. and R. solani. The results suggested the essential oil from leaves and peel of Som Keaw (C. nobilis) serve as a high effective natural deterrent against all of the tested fungi.
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