Karyological analysis on wheat Tir (Triticum aestivum var. Aestivum L. spp. Leucospermum Körn.) ecotypes in Lake Van Basin, Turkey

Abstract

Karyotypic is studied within ecotypes species which are importantly found with different ecotypes, and it may possible showing specific genomic adaptation with their environmental growing conditions. Chromosome karyotype and morphology in wheat Tir by analyzing chromosomes in five ecotypes (Ahlat, Ercis, Muradiye, Patnos and central part of Van) in order to present the best instruction for cytogenetic studies in chromosome analysis was investigatred. Pre-treatment with %1 alpha-bromo naphthalene, fixation in karnoy 1, hydrolysis in NaOH and staining by %2 Aceto-Orcein were proved using root meristem segments followed by studying the microscopic preparations. Karyotype analysis of each ecotype.  There was separately performed and showing several indices (TL: Total Length, LA: Long Arm, SA: Short Arm, Sat: Satellite and AR: Arm Ratio). The somatic chromosome numbers of all studied ecotypes are hexaploid with 2n=6x=42 and the averages of chromosomes length ranged from 4.60 ± 0.02 µm to 16.05 ± 0.02 µm. The longest chromosome was observed in chromosome number 1 from ecotype 3 which belongs to Muradiye and the shortest one was related to the chromosome number 21 from ecotype 4 from Patnos