Synergic effect of essential oils from Vietnamese Cinnamomum cassia and Alpinia coriandriodora on Malassezia species
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Abstract
Malassezia is known as yeast which colonizes on healthy skin, and pathogenic potential under appropriate conditions. Malassezia-associated disease can lead to serious disorders, especially in immune-incompetent or immune-compromised patients. Although several antifungal agents are available for treatment of the diseases, drug resistance of the fungi and toxicity of the agents are raising concerns in terms of public health. Several essential oils from plants are able to cure Malassezia-associated disorders. In this study, essential oils extracted from Vietnamese Cinnamomum cassia and Alpinia coriandriodora exhibited strongly antifungal activity of three Malassezia species at MIC of 0.25 µl/ml and 1 µl/ml, respectively. GC/MS analysis showed the composition of essential oils with many antifungal compounds. Essential oil of C. cassia contains 7 compounds with trans-Cinnamaldehyde as the major components (88.09%). Decenal <2E-> occupies 60.42% which being the main component among 26 compounds in A. coriandriodora essential oil. Notably, combination of two essential oils showed the synergic effect against Malassezia reducing MIC of two essential oils at 0.025 µl/ml (C. cassia), and 0.25 µl/ml (A. coriandriodora). The killing-time assay indicated that the combination showed strongest effect in first 5 minutes of treatment, reaching a peak after 20 minutes. The obtained results suggested to be anti-malassezia potentials of C. cassia and A. coriandriodora essential oils. This activity can be enhanced by combining two essential oils providing a cue for formulating new medicines and daily products acting against Malassezia-associated diseases. The antifungal efficiency is enhanced in combination of EOs compounds which provideed the new medicines and daily products effectively treated Malassezia-associated disease.
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