Characterization and assessment of phytochemical properties of dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus and Hylocereus polyrhizus) peels

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Published: May 15, 2022
Keywords:
Antioxidant Food waste utilization Valorization Value-adding

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Vera Cruz, D. G.
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, College of Home Science and Industry, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Paragas, D. S.
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Gutierrez, R. L.
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Antonino, J. P.
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, College of Home Science and Industry, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Morales, K. S.
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, College of Home Science and Industry, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Dacuycuy, E. A.
Refmad Farms, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
Maniego, S. A.
Soap Pure Incorporated, San Jose City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Pestaño, H. P.
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, College of Home Science and Industry, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
De Ramos, P. V.
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, College of Home Science and Industry, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Neypes, R. V.
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, College of Home Science and Industry, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Evangelista, C. G.
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, College of Home Science and Industry, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

Abstract

Peels of two varieties of dragon fruit, white (Hylocereus undatus) and red (H. polyrhizus) from the Philippines, were investigated for their phytochemical properties for food waste utilization and development of value-adding products. A total of 9.53 kg red and 5.23 kg white dragon fruit peels were used as samples. After manually separating the peel from the flesh, the peel recovery was recorded as 26% and 35% for the red and white varieties, respectively. The fruit peels were dried using a cabinet drier set at 55oC. The dried samples were soaked in 95% ethanol, and the extract was concentrated in vacuo at 56oC. Preliminary phytochemical analysis for alkaloids, cardenolides, bufadienolides, anthraquinones, saponins, coumarins, tannins, phlobatannins, and flavonoids was done using standard methods. Thin layer chromatographic (TLC) analysis was performed to confirm the preliminary phytochemical analysis. Free radical scavenging assay using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picyrlhydzayl (DPPH) was used to evaluate the antioxidant property. Results showed that both peels were tested positive for alkaloids, cardenolides and bufadienolides, anthraquinones, and flavonoids. Coumarins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides were also detected in the ethanolic extracts. Tannins and saponins were not present in the extracts during the preliminary phytochemical screening. TLC analysis revealed that the two peel samples have higher alcohols, phenols, steroids, and essential oils. The results suggested that the white dragon fruit variety has more flavonoids and anthraquinones and superior antioxidant properties than the red dragon fruit peels. The % free radical scavenging activity using DPPH assay revealed that the white variety has higher activity and is considered has a strong antioxidant while the red variety has a weak antioxidant. The results demonstrate that aside from the flesh of dragon fruit, the peels could be promoted as a potential source of antioxidants and other bioactive agents, which can be applied in food systems and cosmetic formulations.

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How to Cite
Vera Cruz, D. G., Paragas, D. S., Gutierrez, R. L., Antonino, J. P., Morales, K. S., Dacuycuy, E. A., Maniego, S. A., Pestaño, H. P., De Ramos, P. V., Neypes, R. V., & Evangelista, C. G. (2022). Characterization and assessment of phytochemical properties of dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus and Hylocereus polyrhizus) peels. International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 18(3), 1307–1318. retrieved from https://li04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/IJAT/article/view/7345
Issue
Vol. 18 No. 3 (2022): May
Section
Original Study
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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