Stomatal response of red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) due to water stress
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Abstract
The results showed that the water requirement of red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) plants varied depending on the Kc value in the growth phase. Under conditions of 30% ETc (T1), the water demand ranges from 0.63-2.4 mm/day; at 100% ETc (T2), the value of water requirements ranges from 2.12-8.00 mm/day; and at 150% ETc (T3), the value of water requirements ranges from 3.17-12.00 mm/day. The provision of different water requirements produces different stomatal responses. The highest number of stomata in T3 treatment was 16.25, and the least in T1 treatment was 10. The highest stomatal density in T3, T2, and T1 treatments were 185.22 mm-2, 136.78 mm-2, and 118.54 mm- 2, respectively. The largest porous area in the T2 treatment was 145.14 µm2, and the smallest in the T1 treatment was 113.17 µm2. Meanwhile, the stomata area and stomatal index in the three treatments were almost uniform, ranging from 577.44 µm2 to 629.36 µm2 for the stomata area and 0.17-0.2 for index stomata. It showed that the number of stomata and stomatal density of T1 and T2 treatments were significantly differed from T3 treatment. Meanwhile, the stomata area, porous area, and stomata index were not significantly differed. Plant morphological data were obtained by T3 treatment that gave the best results; production weight of 17.8 g, leaf area of 23.4 cm2, number of leaves 200, and plant height of 62 cm. The red chili plant in the greenhouse system was more adaptive to water drainage.
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