In vitro plant regeneration and mass propagation system for Sorghum bicolor –a valuable major cereal crop
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Abstract
A rapid, improved and large-scale in vitro clonal propagation of important Indian cereal crop genotypes (K8 and K5) of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. by enhanced shoot proliferation in shoot tip segments was designed. MS medium fortified with plant growth regulators and coconut water markedly influenced in vitro propagation of Sorghum bicolor. In vitro plantlet production system has been investigated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with the synergistic combination of 6-Benzyladenine (22.2 µM), Kinetin (4.6 µM), Adenine Sulphate (2.8 µM), 5% coconut water and 3% sucrose which promoted the maximum number of shoots as well as beneficial shoot length. Subculturing of shoot tip segments on a similar medium enabled continuous production of more than 100 healthy shoots with similar frequency. When the healthy shoot clumps were cultured on MS medium fortified with 6-Benzyladenine (22.2 µM), Kinetin (4.6 µM), Adenine sulphate (2.8 µM), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (2.7 µM), Ascorbic acid (30 µM) and 5% coconut water, a rapid production of axillary and adventitious buds was developed after eight weeks culture. More than 275 shoots were produced ten weeks after culture. Rooting was highest (100%) on half strength MS medium containing 22.8 µM IAA. Micropropagated plants established in garden soil, farmyard soil and sand (2:1:1) were uniform and identical to the donor plant with respect to growth characteristics. These plants grew normally without showing any morphological traits.
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