Mutagenic effect of sodium azide on somatic embryo regeneration and root growth of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. CV. SVPR2)
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Abstract
The mutagenic effects of different concentrations of sodium azide (SA) on somatic embryo germination and survival percentage of somatic embryo derived plantlets of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv SVPR 2) were examined. The root number and root length of SA treated somatic embryos were significantly increased to 5.5 ± 0.4 and 39.5 ± 2.4 cm respectively when compared with the control (1.2 ± 0.15 and 4.2 ± 0.7 respectively). After 30 days of root induction, in SA (10mM) treated cultured, the number of primary, secondary and tertiary roots were 5.5 ± 0.4, 20.2 ± 2.9 and 11.2 ± 0.2 respectively, but in control somatic embryos the number of primary, secondary and tertiary roots were 1.2 ± 0.06, 6.3 ± 0.5 and 4.2 ± 0.8 respectively. The percentage of somatic embryo germination was increased from 44.6 to 50.9 in 10 mM SA treated matured somatic embryos. Our study also proved that the duration of exposure of somatic embryos to SA influences percentage of germination; of all the treatments, SA 10 mM for 180 seconds proved most effective and increased root number and length. At the same time, the percentage of maturation was affected by SA treatment in all the concentrations.
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