Diagnostics of phytopathogen infection in agricultural plants as a necessary condition for optimizing current fungicide application technologies
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Abstract
The effectiveness of chemical protection of agricultural plants from diseases often depends not only on the fungicide applied, but also on correct terms of its application. The existing ways of determining probable necessity and terms of fungicide application are predominantly based on indirect prediction of plant infection. In the last years, techniques for direct diagnosis of plant phytopathogen infection in the latent phase have been intensively eveloped.
Methods for determining the necessity and terms of fungicide application include: indirect prediction of plant infection and direct diagnosis of plant infection. Technical schedule, phenological forecast, prognostic model of infection risk periods, visible manifestations of the earliest disease symptoms are list of the indirect prediction methods. Direct diagnosis of plant infection include the direct identification of pathogen in plant tissues (immunofluorescence staining, ELISA and PCR diagnostics) and detection of pathogen metabolic products ergosteroles and microtoxins.
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