Monokaryotic characteristics and mating types of phoenix mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) cultivars in the South Vietnam
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Abstract
Phoenix mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) is one of the most important cultivated mushrooms in Vietnam. Monokaryon is a fundamental breeding material in conventional procedures of Pleurotus crossbreeding. In the present study, three P. pulmonarius strains originated from the southern of Vietnam were chosen to collect and determine monokaryotic isolates. Mycelial growth rate on agar medium and decolorizing rate of YBLB medium of these monokaryotic isolates were investigated. Then, mating types of monokaryons were determined by random hybridization. As a result, 60 monokaryotic isolates were collected and four types of monokaryon’s colony morphology were observed including rooting type, cottony type, dense mycelial type and concentric striate type. The mycelial growth rate was observed to be 15.8 – 428.8 mm2/day on PDA medium and the decolorizing rate of monokaryons ranged from 11.23% to 89.54%. All monokaryotic isolates were used in determination of the mating type and it was noted that P. pulmonarius species has a bifactorial tetrapolar mating system. The result of interstrain crosses revealed that the numbers of A and B factors of three P. pulmonarius strains were 2 and 2, respectively. The mycelial growth rate and the decolorizing rate of most monokaryotic isolates was relatively high, thus, they could be used for breeding programs.
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