Performance and screening of bird pepper genotypes for drought tolerance using PEG
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Abstract
The results showed that genotype differences and PEG concentration significantly affected all observed traits of bird pepper. The interaction between genotype and PEG concentration was significant only for number of leaves, leaf greenness, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root volume, root fresh weight, and root dry weight. Genotype A15 showed superior performance for most traits, except for number of leaves. Genotype A07 also performed well in both vegetative and generative traits, but showed lower performance in shoot fresh weight and root dry weight. Drought stress markedly reduced bird pepper growth, with severe stress (12% PEG) decreasing shoot fresh and dry weights by 96% and 94%, respectively. Based on the mean stress tolerance index (STI) values across all evaluated traits, genotypes A07, A15, A20, A28, and A41 were classified as drought tolerant. The integrated analysis of morphological, physiological, and STI parameters suggests that genotypes A15, A28, and A41 have strong potential as donor parents for breeding programs aimed at improving drought tolerance.
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