Influence of polyethylene film colour and soil solarisation duration on weed dynamics and performance of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.)
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Abstract
A two-year assessment of polyethylene film colour (PFC) and soil solarisation duration (SSD) on hybrid maize performance and weed flora dynamics was conducted in Calabar, Nigeria. Result showed that PFC, SSD and PFC × SSD were significantly differed on most attributes in both years. PFC (transparent white, W) enhanced plant height, stem girth, number of seeds per pod, grain yield and weed density in 2017. Growth and yield of the hybrid maize were enhanced with increasing SSD, except for number of leaves per plant. Hybrid maize with treatment interaction, W × six weeks soil solarisation (S6), produced the highest (p ≤ 0.05) grain yield (4.72 t ha-1), while W × no solarisation (S0) produced the lowest grain yields (1.73 t ha-1). Weed density, weed dry matter, and weed abundance had inversed relationships with SSD irrespective of the PFC. Treatment W × S6 gave the best weed reduction: 75% broadleaves (in 2016), 33.33% broadleaves and 33.33% grasses (in 2017). It was followed by PFC (green, G) × S6, with 41.47% broadleaves and 50% grasses reduction in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Overall, W × S6 enhanced maize productivity and maximally reduced weed infestation. Thus, W × S6 was recommended for maize farmers in Calabar and its environs with similar agroecological attributes.
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