Antioxidant activities and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of crude extracts from five cultivars of Antidesma thwaitesianum Müll. Arg.
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Abstract
The α-glucosidase inhibitory potential, total phenolic and flavonoid contents for antioxidant activities of 30 crude extracts of various parts of Antidesma thwaitesianum including leaves, flowers, immature green fruits, mature red fruits, ripe black fruits, and seeds were investigated. The results showed that the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was not observed in the ripe black fruits and seeds of all cultivars. The high α-glucosidase inhibitory potential was detected in the leaves and flowers of all the tested cultivars, with the IC50 ranged of 0.22 – 2.63 µg/mL. Notably, the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was found in the Sang Koh 2 flowers (IC50 = 0.22 µg/mL), followed by the flowers of Kam Lai (IC50 = 0.35 µg/mL) and Phu Phan Thong (IC50 = 0.35 µg/mL). While the total phenolics were predominant in the immature green and ripe red fruits (515.10 – 1230 mg GAE/100 g crude extract) the total flavonoids were found in all parts of cultivars (123.53 – 490.83 mg CE/100 g crude extract). It is indicated by the DPPH, ABTS+ and FRAP values, all cultivars showed a good source of antioxidant agents. Hence, this plant species is an ideal antihyperglycemic agent for treating diabetes.
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