Cholesterol content and fatty acid composition in Longissimus dorsi muscle of purebred and crossbred pigs
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Abstract
The fat and cholesterol contents, and fatty acid composition in Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle differ between purebred and crossbred pigs was determined. Duroc purebred (D, n=10), two-way crossbred (Largewhite x Landrace; LWLR, n = 10), and three-way crossbred [Duroc x (Largewhite x Landrace); DLWLR, n=10] pigs were used in this study. Each group consisted of 2 genders (5 barrows and 5 gilts). All pigs were reared under the same housing and feeding conditions for 6 months until slaughtered at 110 ± 5 kg live weight, following which, LD muscle was collected from the left side of each carcass for subsequent analyses. The results showed that D had higher (P<0.01) fat percentage than LWLR and DLWLR. Neither pig group nor gender affected cholesterol content (P > 0.05). For fatty acid composition, D presented highest concentrations of C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1n9c, C18:2n6c, C18:2n6c, C20:1, SFA (saturated fatty acid), MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acid), and PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid) than those recorded in samples obtained from DLWLR and LWLR (P<0.01). DLWLR had significantly higher concentrations of C16:1, C18:1n9c and MUFA (P<0.05), with a tendency of higher concentration of C16:0, C18:0, C18:2n6c, C20:1, SFA, and PUFA than LWLR (P<0.1). The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acid (P/S) was more favorable in LWLR compared with those of D and DLWLR (P<0.01). There was a significant group x gender interaction for the concentration of C23:0 (P<0.05). In Duroc purebred pigs, higher amount of C23:0 was observed in gilts than that in the barrow. However, barrow of DLWLR showed higher C23:0 than the amount recorded in the gilts. Fat percentage positively correlated with the concentrations of C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1n9c, C18:2n6c, C20:1, C23:0, SFA, MUFA, PUFA, and P/S (P <0.01) but negatively correlated with C23:0 (P<0.05).
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