Efficiency of lead, iron, manganese and copper adsorption capacities of submerged aquatic plants in heavy metal pollution for aquaculture
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Abstract
At 14 days, the phytotoxicity index revealed that B. caroliniana was poisonous to Pb more abundantly than Fe, Mn, and Cu, with Pb values of 6.0 and 1.2 mg.L-1, respectively. L. adscendens was more poisonous to Pb than to Fe, Mn, or Cu. Plants were only viable for 4 days at 6.0 mg.L-1 doses. M. crenata injuries with symptoms typical were shown to have fast toxicity with Pb and Fe at concentrations of 6.0 mg.L-1, resulting in plant mortality within 4 and 6 days, respectively. The toxicity rates of Pb-induced aquatic plants were B. caroliniana, L. adscendens, and M. crenata, all of which had greater cumulative toxicity and death rates than other concentrations. B. caroliniana was discovered to be able to absorb Fe after 12 and 36 h of adsorption utilizing three plants. Throughout the 24 h period, L. adscendens exhibited the maximum Mn adsorption capacity, while Fe was the heavy metal with the highest mean adsorption over all time periods (12, 24, and 36 h). During the 36-hour period, M. crenata showed the highest Cu adsorption capacity. Phytoremediation, to maximize heavy metal adsorption with high efficiency, should be chosen for aquatic plants with the reduction of each heavy metal concentration in mind. The plants employed in the experiment were grown along these common watersheds, are fast growing, and reproduce to further water quality treatment.
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