Neuroprotective potential of polysaccharides from the mycelial extract of Schizophyllum commune
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Abstract
The fruiting body of split gill macrofungus was collected and isolated. Its ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene was sequenced to identify the species. Based on ITS1 and ITS4 regions, the nucleotide sequence was matched with S. commune showing 99.89% identity. Moreover, to prepare the crude polysaccharide (CP) from mycelium, the pressurized hot water extraction method and ethanol precipitation were utilized. The neuroprotective activity was evaluated by applying 100 µM H2O2-induced oxidative stress on the SH-SY5Y cell line. Cell morphology was observed by fluorescent microscopy using Hoechst 33342 staining. A 250 µg/ml crude polysaccharide concentration reduced intracellular nuclear deformation compared to H2O2 alone with apoptosis protection of cells stained with Annexin-V and propidium iodide (PI). The cell cycle was estimated by PI staining and flow cytometry. The results showed that 125-250 µg/ml of crude polysaccharide reduced neuronal apoptosis. Furthermore, the crude polysaccharide mechanism of action reduced apoptosis in the sub-G1 phase compared to the H2O2 group. This is the first report on the neuroprotective effect of crude polysaccharides extracted from S. commune performed in vitro on the SH-SY5Y cell line.
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