Isolation and characterization of nanocellulose from water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes and its textile dye remediation
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Abstract
Cellulose isolated from the invasive aquatic weed Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) demonstrated significant potential as a sustainable nanomaterial for environmental applications. A high yield of cellulose (56.68 g per 100 g of dried biomass) was obtained through sequential chemical treatments. Structural and morphological characterization using SEM and TEM revealed the formation of well-defined nanofibrillar structures, while FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed the successful removal of non-cellulosic components and the presence of crystalline cellulose with a crystallinity index of 50.5%. The isolated nanocellulose exhibited excellent dye adsorption capacity, achieving maximum removal efficiencies of 98% for malachite green, 74% for Congo red, 60% for methylene blue, and 32% for phenol red. These findings highlight the effective conversion of water hyacinth into value-added nanocellulose with promising application in textile dye remediation and wastewater treatment.
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