Geographic information systems and remote sensing: Innovative tools for plant health
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Abstract
Agriculture research has a strong emphasis on biotic and abiotic stresses because of the significant economic losses to cash crops. Since plant stress has an impact on crop quality and yield, every effort must be made to identify and treat the problem of plant stress. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing are a new innovative alternative to the conventional diagnosis, detection and management of diseases by spectral symptoms. The production of crops, including crop protection, can benefit greatly from this contemporary technology. Utilizing data from GIS and remote sensing, disease-affected plants may be identified by the variation in their reflectance spectra when compared to healthy plants. GIS has been widely utilized as a significant instrument for epidemiological research. Remote sensing is a rapid and effective technology that may gather information on the spectral characteristics of earth surfaces from a variety of locations, including satellites and other platforms. The most recent studies are based on the information from spectral. multispectral, and hyperspectral sensors that measure reflectance, fluorescence, and radiation emission, or from electronic noses that detect volatile organic compounds released from plants or pathogens. These sensors may also have the ability to characterize the health status of crops. Agriculture will become more sustainable and safer using GIS and remote sensing technologies, which will also considerably aid to greatly specialize diagnostic and management outcomes. These technologies will eventually become a key piece of a farmer's precision equipment mix, working in tandem with advancements in digitalization and artificial intelligence for precision application across pathogens and crop management demands.
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