Influence of irrigation water quantity and fertilizer applied together with mulch on the growth and yield of oil palm cv. Deli x Nigeria (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
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The result showed that only the irrigation water quantity of 200 L palm/day (IQ200) promoted better growth and quality of oil palm cv. Deli x Nigeria as compared with those of irrigation water quantity of 100 L/palm/day (IQ100) and no irrigation (IQ0). IQ200 helped in increasing significant fruit pulp thickness by 32.79% as well as reduced the palm kernel diameter by 4.76% as compared with IQ0. Through correlation analysis, pulp thickness was negatively associated with palm kernel diameter (r= - 0.74). Nevertheless, a sufficient irrigation of IQ200 led to obtain high values of the fruit diameter, fruit height, twenty-five fruits weight, number of bunch per palm, and fresh weight of bunch per palm, as compared with those under IQ100 and IQ0. The application of fertilizer together with mulch derived from byproducts of oil palm (FM) contributed to significant values of fruit diameter (14.36%), pulp thickness (17.91%), twenty-five fruits weight (20.28%), and yield (71.49%; fresh weight of bunch per palm) higher than those of no application of fertilizer and mulch (NFM). Therefore, the irrigation water quantity of 200 L/palm/day and application of fertilizer together with mulch derived from byproducts of oil palm could better determine the growth and yield of oil palm cv. Deli x Nigeria during the dry season period, than the other irrigation methods of water quantity of 100 L/palm/day, no irrigation, and no application of fertilizer and mulch.
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