Phenotypic stability of mutant sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) tolerant to drought stress based on variations in morphological traits at the greenhouse scale
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
One of the problems of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) cultivation due to unpredictable weather is stunted growth, which leads to decrease productivity. Efforts to enhance sugarcane productivity under drought stress can be achieved through plant breeding via mutation induction. Changes in phenotypic stability in mutants lead to morphological alterations that subsequently increase adaptability to water deficit stress. Previous research has resulted in 11 superior mutant sugarcane clones produced through colchicine induction from 4 drought-tolerant sugarcane varieties, namely GMP6, RGM047, RGM1183, and RGM186, at PT Gunung Madu Plantations (GMP). The identification and evaluation of the stability of five morphological traits of leaves and leaf sheaths need to be conducted on these 11 superior drought-resistant sugarcane clones in a greenhouse setting. All clones exhibited diversity in the morphological traits of leaf color and the ease of leaf sheath detachment, with a significance level of 0.05. A dendrogram from the phylogenetic relationship analysis formed three main clusters based on similarity in correlation coefficients, similarity index, taxonomic distance, and cluster analysis. Meanwhile, Principal Component Analysis of the five morphological traits formed two clusters, showing the total variation on two axes, with axis 1 accounting for 90.21% (eigenvalue 5.84) and axis 2 for 4.42% (eigenvalue 0.28), totaling 94.64% for both axes. The clustering was based on traits that strongly contributed to the grouping, namely leaf width, leaf blade curvature, leaf color, leaf sheath traits, and leaf sheath color.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Abbas, K., Li, J., Gong, B., Lu, Y., Wu, X., Lü, G. and Gao, H. (2023). Drought stress tolerance in vegetables: the functional role of structural features, key gene pathways, and exogenous hormones. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24:13876.
Alaida, M. F. and Aldhebiani, A. Y. (2022). Comparative study of the morphological characteristics of Phoenix dactylifera L. cultivars in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah-Saudi Arabia. BMC Plant Biology, 22:461.
Alhaithloul, H. A. S., Awad, N. S., Qari, S. H., El-Homosy, R. F., Qaoud, E. M., Alqahtani, M. M., Ghanem, K. Z., Alasmari, A., Alzuaibr, F. M., Ghazzawy, H. S. and Abdein, M. A. (2024). Genetic diversity, chemical constituents and anatomical analysis of eight popular Olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars in Al-Jouf region, Saudi Arabia. Science Reports, 14:14688.
Alves, S. R. M., Lopes, R., Meneses, C., Valente, M. S. F., Martins, C. C., Ramos, S. F., Oliveira, I., de Jesus Pinto Fraxe, T., Costa, L. and Lopes, M. T. G. (2022). Morpho-agronomic characterization, sample size, and plot size for the evaluation of Capsicum chinense genotypes. Horticulturae, 8:785.
Elumalai, K., and Srinivasan, A. (2023). Genetic diversity and population structure of sugarcane introgressed hybrids by SSR markers. Biotech., 13:399.
Siraree, A., Banerjee, N., Kumar, S., Khan, M. S., Singh, P. K., Kumar, S., Sharma, S., Singh, R. K., and Singh, J. (2018). Agro-morphological description, genetic diversity and population structure of sugarcane varieties from sub-tropical India. Biotech., 8:469.
Babu, D. K. S., Janakiraman, V., Palaniswamy, H., Kasirajan, L., Gomathi, R., and Ramkumar, T. R. (2022). A short review on sugarcane: its domestication, molecular manipulations and future perspectives. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol., 69:2623-2643.
Chandran, K., Nisha, M., Gopi, R., Mahendran, B., Chandran, D., Mahesh, P., Kumar, R. A., Krishnapriya, V., Gomathi, R., Malathi, P., Viswanathan, R. and Hemaprabha, G. (2023). Sugarcane genetic resources for challenged agriculture. Sugar Tech, 25:1285-1302.
Ebrahimi, P., Shokramraji, Z., Tavakkoli, S., Mihaylova, D. and Lante, A. (2023). Chlorophylls as natural bioactive compounds existing in food by-products: a critical review. Plants (Basel), 12:1533.
Elhaik, E. (2022). Principal Component Analyses (PCA)-based findings in population genetic studies are highly biased and must be reevaluated. Science Reports, 12:14683.
Hailu, M. G., Mawcha, K. T., Nshimiyimana, S. and Suharsono, S. (2021). Garlic micro-propagation and polyploidy induction in vitro by colchicine. Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, 9:1-19.
Hu, F., Zhang, Y. and Guo, J. (2023). Effects of drought stress on photosynthetic physiological characteristics, leaf microstructure, and related gene expression of yellow horn. Plant Signaling and Behavior, 18:2215025.
Ibrahim, E. A., Alhaithloul, H. A. S., Shamseldin, S. A. M., Awaly, S. B. H., El-Latif Hesham, A., Abdelkader, M. F. M., Alqahtani, M. M., Alzuaibr, F. M., Alasmari, A., Sukar, N. A., Diyasty, M. Z. and Abdein, M. A. (2024). Morphological, biochemical, and molecular diversity assessment of egyptian bottle gourd cultivars. Genetics Research, 2024:4182158.
Khan, Q., Qin, Y., Guo, D. J., Zeng, X. P., Chen, J. Y., Huang, Y.Y., Ta, Q. K., Yang, L. T., Liang, Q., Song, X. P., Xing, Y. X. and Li, Y. R. (2022). Morphological, agronomical, physiological and molecular characterization of a high sugar mutant of sugarcane in comparison to mother variety. PLoS One, 17(3):e0264990.
Seleiman, M. F., Al-Suhaibani, N., Ali, N., Akmal, M., Alotaibi, M., Refay, Y., Dindaroglu, T., Abdul-Wajid, H. H. and Battaglia, M. L. (2021). Drought stress impacts on plants and different approaches to alleviate its adverse effects. Plants (Basel), 10:259.
Mahfut, Hidayat, M. M. and Arifannisa, S. J. (2023a). Study of orchid resistance induction using Rhizoctonia against ORSV infection based on anatomical characters of roots and leaves. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 22:239-249.
Pires, W. M., Teixeira, M. B., Soares, F. A. L., Morais, W. A., Costa, A. C., Filho, L. C. L. and de Moura, J. B. (2024). Agronomic performance and technological quality of sugarcane submitted to different poultry litter dosages. Sci. Rep., 14:15435.
Rodrigues, C. M. J., Dantas, B. L. L., Gianotto, C. A. and Caldana, C. (2021). Applying molecular phenotyping tools to explore sugarcane carbon potential. Front Plant Sci., 19:637166.
Mahfut, Kendari, P., Syarif, A., Wahyuningsih, S. and Susiyanti, E. (2023b). Stomata characters of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) mutants of GMP3 variety at PT Gunung Madu Plantations, Lampung, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology, 8:1-12.
Mahfut, Minarni, I. Y., Wahyuningsih, S. and Handayani, T. T. (2021a). Physiological analysis of orchid chlorophyll against Odontoglossum ringspot virus infection. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 14:1025-1029.
Yeshitila, M., Gedebo, A., Tesfaye, B. and Degu, H. D. (2024). Agro-morphological genetic diversity assessment of Amaranthus genotypes from Ethiopia based on qualitative traits. CABI Agric. Biosci., 5:95.
Vijayakumar, S., Lever, T. E., Pierce, J., Zhao, X., Bergstrom, D., Lundberg, Y. W., Jones, T. A. and Jones, S. M. (2025). Vestibular dysfunction, altered macular structure and trait localization in A/J inbred mice. Mamm Genome, 26:154-72.
Cidade, F.W., Vigna, B.B., de Souza, F.H., José Francisco M Valls, Miguel Dall’Agnol, Maria I Zucchi, Tatiana T de Souza-Chies and Anete P Souza. (2013). Genetic variation in polyploid forage grass: Assessing the molecular genetic variability in the Paspalumgenus, BMC Genet., 14:50.
Mahfut, Setiawan, A., Sari, M., Sijabat, V. E., Siregar, V. A. P. and Ahmad, Z. (2023c). Molecular characterization of mycorrhiza and its potential as biocontrol. SABRAO J. Breed. Genet. 55:2092-2104.
Mahfut, Syahira, H., Wahyuningsih, S., Handayani, T. T. and Sukimin (2021b). Identification of virus infection on native orchids in Liwa Botanical Garden. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1751:1-7.
Mahfut, Tolangara, A., Ahmad, H., Rasyid, R. and Ahmad, Z. (2023d). Variation of resistance and physiological response of orchid from induction Trichoderma to infection Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 22:496-505.
Mangena, P. and Mushadu, P. N. (2023). Colchicine-induced polyploidy in leguminous crops enhances morpho-physiological characteristics for drought stress tolerance. Life, 13:1-13.
Manzoor, A., Ahmad, T., Bashir, M. A., Hafiz, I. A. and Silvestri, C. (2019). Studies on colchicine induced chromosome doubling for enhancement of quality traits in ornamental plants. Plants (Basel) 8:194.
Maurya, P. K. and Bahadur, V. (2022). Mutation and polyploidy breeding in vegetable crops: a review. Environment and Ecology, 40:2412-2422.
Rae, A. L., Martinelli, A. P. and Dornelas, M. C. (2013). Anatomy and Morphology. In: Sugarcane: Physiology, Biochemistry, and Functional Biology. Eds. Paul H. Moore, Frederik C. Botha. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Singh, A., Lal, U. R., Mukhtar, H. M., Singh, P. S., Shah, G. and Dhawan, R.K. (2015). Phytochemical profile of sugarcane and its potential health aspects. Pharmacogn. Rev., 17:45-54.
Deku, G., Combey, R. and Doggett, S. L. (2022). Morphometrics of the tropical bed bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) from Cape Coast, Ghana. J. Med. Entomol., 59:1534-1547.
Desalegn, B., Kebede, E., Legesse, H. and Fite, T. (2023). Sugarcane productivity and sugar yield improvement: Selecting variety, nitrogen fertilizer rate, and bioregulator as a first-line treatment. Heliyon, 9:e15520.
Park, S., Zhang, D. and Ali, G. S. (2024). Assessing the genetic integrity of sugarcane germplasm in the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System collection using single-dose SNP markers. Front Plant Science, 14:1337736.
Que, Y., Wu, Q., Zhang, H., Luo, J. and Zhang, Y. (2024). Developing new sugarcane varieties suitable for mechanized production in China: principles, strategies and prospects. Front Plant Science, 14:1337144.
Saleem, B., Uzair, M., Noman, M., Attia, K. A., Zhang, M., Alwahaibi, M. S., Zahra, N., Naeem, M. K., Mohammed, A. A., Fiaz, S., Kimiko, I. and Khan, M. R. (2023). Evaluation of sugarcane promising clones based on the morphophysiological traits developed from fuzz. PeerJ 11:e15646.
Seleiman, M. F., Al-Suhaibani, N., Ali, N., Akmal, M., Alotaibi, M., Refay, Y., Dindaroglu, T., Abdul-Wajid, H. H. and Battaglia, M. L. (2021). Drought stress impacts on plants and different approaches to alleviate its adverse effects. Plants (Basel), 10:259.
Siraree, A., Banerjee, N., Kumar, S., Khan, M. S., Singh, P. K., Kumar, S., Sharma, S., Singh, R. K. and Singh, J. (2017). Identification of marker-trait associations for morphological descriptors and yield component traits in sugarcane. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants, 23:185-196.
Bakker, H. (1999). The morphology of the sugar cane plant. in: sugar cane cultivation and management. Springer, Boston.
Sukmawati, S., Badaruddin, I., Dewi, N. K., Situmorang, N., Mahfut. and Mustapa, E. (2021). Analysis of organoleptic and coliform value in fresh mackerel (Rastrelliger sp.) fish in TPI Sorong city. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1764(012035):1-6.
Windiyani, I. P., Mahfut, Purnomo, and Budi, S. D. (2022). Morphological variations of superior sugarcane cultivars (Saccharum officinarum L.) from Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23:4109-4116.
