Response of biomass and yield of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni.) to flower removal
Main Article Content
Abstract
It has never been reported on the effect of flower removal on the yield of Stevia plant. The effect of flower removal on growth and yield of Stevia was studied. Reesults revealed that flower removal produced significantly (P=0.05) greater number of leaves, dry biomass yield and leaf dry weight yield compared to the control. Four times of flower removal plant gave the highest number of leaves (1,318.50 plant-1), total biomass dry weight (11.31 g plant1-) and leaf dry weight yield (0.81 t ha-1) compared to the control. Therefore, flower removal during the production of Stevia plant should be practiced in order to increase growth and leaf yield.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Bazzaz, F. A., Nona, R. C., Phyllis, D. C. and Louis, F. (1987). Allocating Resources to Reproduction and Defense. Bioscience Journal. 37:58-67.
Crafts Brandner, S. J., Below, F. E., Harper, J. E. and Hageman, R. H. (1984). Effects of pod removal on metabolism and senescence of nodulating and nonnodulating soybean isolines. Plant Physiology. 75:318-322.
Geuns, J. M. (2010). Stevia and steviol glycosides. Heverlee, Belgium: Euprint.
Ghanta, S., Banerjee, A., Poddar, A. and Chattopadhyay, S. (2007). Oxidative DNA damage preventive activity and antioxidant potential of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni., a natural sweetener. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry. 55:10962-10967.
Kim, I., Yang, M., Lee, O. and Kang, S. (2011). The antioxidant activity and the bioactive compound content of Stevia rebaudiana water extracts. LWT-Food Science and Technology. 44:1328-1332.
Kriedemann, P. E., Virgona, J. M. and Aktin, O. K. (2014). Growth analysis. In: Plants in action. Australian Society of Plant Scientists, New Zealand Society of Plant Biologists, and New Zealand Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Science.
Lemus-Mondaca, R., Vega-Galvez, A., Zura-Bravo, L. and Ah-Hen, K. (2012). Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, source of a high-potency natural sweetener: A comprehensive review on the biochemical, nutritional and functional aspects. Food Chemistry. 132:1121-1132.
Lokesh, C. H., Hiremath, J. S., Mahantesh, P. S., Sharatbabu, A. G., Pooja, M. R. and
Nishchitha, M. (2018). Effect of nitrogen and GA3 on suppression of flowering for enhancement of vegetative phase in Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni.). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 7:412-419.
Mavengahama, S. (2013). Yield response of bolted spider plant (Cleome gynandra) to deflowering and application of nitrogen topdressing. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment. 11:1372-1374.
Masinde, P. W. and Agong, S. G. (2011). Plant growth and leaf N of spider plant (Cleome gynadra L.) genotypes under varying nitrogen supply. African Journal of Horticultural Science. 5:36-49.
Mondol, M. H., William, A. B. and Brenner, M. L. (1978). Effects of sink removal on photosynthesis and senescence in leaves of soybean (Glycine max L.) plants. Plant Physiology. 61:394-397.
Oluoch, M. O., Pichop, G. N., Silue, D., Abukutsa-Onyango, M. O. and Diouf, M. (2009). Production and harvesting systems for African indigenous vegetables. In: Shackleton CM, Pasquini WM, Drescher AW, ed. African indigenous vegetables in urban agriculture. London and Sterling, VA: Earthscan. pp. 145-175.
Puri, M., Sharma, D., Barrow, C. J. and Tiwary, A. K. (2012). Optimisation of novel method for the extraction of steviosides from Stevia rebaudiana leaves. Food Chemistry. 132:1113-1120.
Rakesh, K., Saurabh, S. and Mohit, S. (2014). Growth and yield of natural sweetener plant stevia as affected by pinching. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology. 19:119-126.
Salama, A. (2008). Morphological, anatomical and chemical studies on stevia plant and its response to the growth regulator GA3. Journal of Horticultural Sciences. 2:23-25.
Shivanna, N., Naika, M., Khanum, F. and Kaul, V. K. (2013). Antioxidant, anti-diabetic and renal protective properties of Stevia rebaudiana. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications. 27:103-113.
Tavarini, S. and Angelini, L. G. (2013). Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. as a source of bioactive compounds: The effect of harvest time, experimental site and crop age on steviol glycoside content and antioxidant properties. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 93:2121-2129.
Wölwer-Rieck, U. (2012). The leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni., their constituents and the analyses thereof: a review. The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 60:886-895.
Zobolo, A. M. and Van Staden, J. (1999). The effects of deflowering and de-fruiting on growth and senescence of Bidens pilosa L. South African Journal of Botany. 65:86-88.