Phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities in leaves of fifteen Mao-Luang (Antidesma thwaitesianum Müll. Arg.) cultivars
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Abstract
The leaf extracts from fifteen Mao-Luang (Antidesma thwaitesianum) cultivars found in Northeast Thailand were determined for the phenolic compounds using HPLC analysis and the antioxidant capacities of the leaf extracts were evaluated by ABTS, FRAP and DPPH radical assays. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid contnt were also evaluated. The results revealed that significant (p < 0.05) differences in the polyphenolic contents and antioxidants of the studied Mao-Luang cultivars were detected. Quercetin and gallic acid were the main polyphenolics in leaves of all studied Mao-Luang cultivars with the maximum values detected in ‘Dongtong No. 2’ and ‘Theppradit’ with the values of 47.21 and 3623.14 mg/100 g DW, respectively. Myricetin, epicatechin and cinnamic acid were detected in the majority of Mao-Luang cultivars. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were highest in ‘Dongphut No. 2’ and ‘Huybang’ with the values arranged in order of 205.08 mg GAE/100 g DW and 422.12 mg CE/100 g DW. Again, ‘Huybang’ also showed the maximum antioxidant capacity of 121.03 mmol Fe(II)/g DW (FRAP assay) and 115.86 mmol TE/g DW (ABTS assay). Similarly, ‘Wilai No. 2’ displayed the highest antioxidant activity of 135.24 mmol VCEAC/g DW (DPPH assay). These findings suggest that polyphenolics and antioxidants in Mao-Luang leaves vary considerably across cultivars.
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