Evaluation of the effectiveness of essential oils blends with the pesticide methomyl in controlling third and fifth instar larvae of Tribolium castaneum
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Abstract
Essential oils are widely used in various industries due to their chemical composition. Despite their effectiveness, chemical pesticides are harmful to the environment due to their high transmission potential and difficulty in degrading. Biological pesticides, on the other hand, degrade rapidly. A series of laboratory studies were performed to identify the lowest concentration of the insecticide methomyl that causes more significant mortality in Tribolium castaneum third and fifth-stage larvae. The concentration of 0.5 ml/L resulted in the highest mortality rate of 87.31 and 86.48 percent and the lowest mortality rate of 72.13 and 72.13 percent with 0.125ml/L, compared to the control treatment, which resulted in a mortality rate of 0.83 and 1.67 percent of third and fifth-stage larvae, respectively. For the fifth and third instar larvae, the treatment (0.25 + basil oil) resulted in the highest mortality rates of (88.33 and 86.67) percent, respectively. The treatment (0.25 + harmal oil) resulted in a mortality rate of 83.33 percent of both larva stages, compared to the control treatment, which resulted in 1.67 and 5.55 percent of fifth and third instar larvae, respectively. It resulted in reducing the use of chemical pesticides while increasing their efficacy, which might have a favorable influence on the environment.
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