Improvement of germination of low viable pepper seeds by seed priming under optimal and suboptimal temperatures
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The study reported to enhance germination performance of two seed lots (high 94.5%, and low 51.5% viability) of pepper cultivar Çarliston by means of different concentrations of GA3 and KNO3 (hydration, 100, 250, and 500 ppm) for 24 hours at 25 °C under optimum (25 °C) and cool (18 °C) temperatures. The results showed that all the seed treatments improved germination and seedling growth of pepper at 18 °C and 25 °C. Low temperature restricted germination percentage, index, and seedling growth, while seed priming alleviated the adverse effects of low temperature. The superiority of seed priming was obvious in low viable seeds. Germination of the seeds with low viability treated with 500 ppm GA3 resulted in an increase of 31.0% at 25 °C and 66.7% at 18 °C. The highest germination index and the shortest mean germination time were obtained from 500 ppm GA3. The effect of GA3 was more prominent on both low and high-viable seeds than KNO3. The optimum dose of GA3 varied significantly with seed viability and temperature. Also, seedling growth was induced by 500 ppm GA3 for low-viable seeds and 100 ppm GA3 for high viability. In comparison to hydration, GA3 and KNO3 were found more helpful treatments for increasing germination and seedling growth. It was concluded that the low-viable seeds primed with 500 ppm GA3 may be used for seedling production under optimum temperature, and the application of 100 ppm GA3 to the seeds with high viability should be advised under cool stress
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Ali, M. M., Javed, T., Mauro, R. P., Shabbir, R., Afzal, I. and Yousef, A. F. (2020). Effect of seed priming with potassium nitrate on the performance of tomato. Agriculture, 10:498. https://doi:10.3390/agriculture10110498.
Amooaghaie, R. and Nikzad, K. (2013). The role of nitric oxide in priming-induced low-temperature tolerance in two genotypes of tomato. Seed Science Research, 23:123-131.
Anonymous (2021). The statistical data of The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Retried from https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/Konular/Bitkisel-Uretim/Tohumculuk/ Tohumculuk-Istatistikleri# accessed 26.12.2021.
Arin, L. and Kiyak, Y. (2003). The effects of pre-sowing treatments on emergence and seedling growth of tomato seed (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under several stress conditions. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 6:990-994.
Bennett, M. A., Vincent, A. F. and Nancy, W. (1992). Impact of seed treatments on crop stand establishment callan. HortTechnology, 2:345-349.
Bosland, P. W. and Votava, E. J. (2000). Peppers: Vegetable and Spice Capsicums. CABI Publishing New York, NY, pp.97-134.
Bradford, K. J. (1986). Manipulation of seed water relations via osmotic priming to improve germination under stress conditions. HortScience, 21:1105-1112.
Bradford, K. J., Steiner, J. J. and Trawatha, S. E. (1990). Seed priming influence on germination and emergence of pepper seed lots. Crop Science, 30:718-721.
Brocklehurst, P. A. and Dearman, J. (1983). Interactions between seed priming treatments and nine seed lots of carrots, celery and onion: I. Laboratory germination. Annals of Applied Biology, 102:577-584.
Debbarma, A., Jyotsna, D., Barua, M. and Sarma, D. (2018). Germination performance of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) as affected by seed priming treatments. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7:2648-2652.
Demir, I. and Okcu, G. (2004). Aerated hydration treatment for improved germination and seedling growth in aubergine (Solanum melongena) and pepper (Capsicum annuum). Annals of Applied Biology, 144:121-123.
Farooq, M., Basra, S. M. A., Saleem, B. A., Nafees, M. and Chishti, S. A. (2005). Enhancement of tomato seed germination and seedling vigor by osmopriming. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 42:36-41.
Hagroo, R. P. and Johal, N. (2019). Effect of priming on physiological seed quality in aged seeds of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) var. Punjab Sindhuri and hybrid CH-27. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, SP1:545-552.
ISTA (2003). International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association, Switzerland.
Jahangir, M. M., Amjad, M., Afzal, I., Iqbal, Q. and Nawaz, A. (2009). Lettuce achene invigoration through osmopriming at supraoptimal temperature. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 46:1-6.
Jyoti, B., Gaurav, S. S. and Pant, U. (2016). Use of growth regulators as priming agent for improvement of seed vigour in tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8:84-87.
Khan, H. A., Ayub, C. M., Pervez, M. A. and Bilal, R. M. (2009). Effect of seed priming with NaCl on salinity tolerance of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) at seedling stage. Soil and Environment, 28:81-87.
Korkmaz, A. and Korkmaz, Y. (2009). Promotion by 5-aminolevulenic acid of pepper seed germination and seedling emergence under low-temperature stress. Scientia Horticulturae, 119:98-102.
McDonald, M. B. (2000). Seed priming. In: Seed Technology and Its Biological Basis. Eds. M. Black and J. D. Bewley. Sheffield Academic Press Ltd. England. pp. 287-325.
Nascimento, W. M. and Aragão, F. A. S. (2004). Muskmelon seed priming in relation to seed vigor. Sci. Agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.), 61:114-117.
Obaidul Islam, M., Islam, M. S. and Azad-Ud-Doula Prodhan, A. K. M. (2006). Seed germination and seedling of brinjal, tomato and chilli treated with GA3 and GABA. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 4:43-49.
Peyvast, G. H., Olfati, J. A., Piri, M. and Mahdieh, M. B. (2010). Priming effect on cucumber germination at low temperature. Acta Horticulturae, 871:615-616.
Salehzade, H., Shishvan, M. I., Ghiyasi, M., Forouzin, F. and Siyahjani, A. A. (2009). Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 4:629-631.
Stoffella, P. J., Pardossi, A. and Tognoni, F. (1988). Temperature and seed treatment effects on taproot growth of young bell peppers. Advances in Horticultural Science, 2:8-10.
Taiz, L. and Zeiger, E. (2002). Plant Physiology. 3rdedition. Sinauer Associates Inc. Publishers, Sunderland.
Tombegavani, S. S., Zahedi, B., Fard, S. M. and Ahmadpour, A. (2020). Response of germination and seedling growth of pepper cultivars to seed priming by plant growth regulators. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 7:59-68.
Wien, H. C. (1997). Peppers. In: Wien, H.C. (Ed.), The Physiology of Vegetable Crops. CABI Publishing, New York, NY, pp. 259-293.
Yogananda, D. K., Vyakaranahal, B. S. and Shekhargouda, M. (2004). Effect of seed invigoration with growth regulators and micronutrients on germination and seedling vigour of bell pepper cv. California wonder. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Science 17:811-813.
