Alleviation of salinity stress at the early seedling stage in rice by using exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) produced from Enterobacter sp.
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Abstract
The effectiveness of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) produced by isolated-endophytic bacterium, Enterobacter sp. RD4-1-1 from upland rice seed compared with synthetic IAA on seed/seedling emergence and growth and the effectiveness of external IAA derived from in rice Enterobacter sp. RD4-1-1 growing under salty stress by varied sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations were reported. The results showed statistical significance in many emergence-related characteristics and most of them showed higher value at 2.5 µM RD4-1-1 IAA. However, low concentration of IAA from RD4-1-1 (2.5 µM) had similar effectiveness to high concentration of synthetics IAA at 2.5 µM in stimulating seed emergence and seedling growth. The positive effect of using exogenous IAA on soaked seeds before seeding showed that it can alleviate salinity stress, increased rice germination, and promoted seedling growth. The speed germination index (SGIs) was evaluated as appropriate to indicate salinity tolerance in rice varieties and exhibited the change of values under salinity stress was consistent with vigor index (VI) and shoot length (SL). Although there were many characteristics in terms of germination and seedling growth, it showed significantly affected by the interaction between factors (IAA x salinity) in these rice varieties. The concentration of exogenous IAA that was appropriated for using in priming the seeds in sterile medium at 2.5 µM. However, under testing in culture media, the proper IAA concentration was increased at 25 µM. Moreover, increasing the IAA concentration to 50 or 75 µM IAA is recommended when salinity level (≥ 8 dS/m) increased which depended on the trait in each variety.
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