Phytochemical effectiveness of some ethanomedicinal plants of Balochistan, Pakistan against urogenital infections
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Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhea and Escherichia coli are urogenital infection causing bacteria which leads to gynaecological problems like vaginitis and cervicitis and impaired sperm motility leading to infertility in male and female. Crude ethanolic extracts of Acorus calamus, Cichorium intybus and Fumaria indica, the ethnomedicinal plants of Balochistan (Pakistan), were screened for their phytochemical composition i.e., alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids. Moreover, these selected plants were also tested for their antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of E.coli and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, by agar well diffusion assay with the tested concentrations of 10, 15, and 20 µL, and Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method with the tested concentrations of 04, 06 and 08 µL. Streptomycin and dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO) were used as a positive and negative control, respectively against the bacterial strains. It was observed that C.intybus produced comparatively more effective results in disk diffusion method against E.coli (15.67±0.58, 17.34±0.58, 19±0, respectively) but A.calamus was found effective against N.gonorrhoeae (12.41±0.60 and 13.41±0.61 at 10 and 15 µL, respectively). According to agar well diffusion assay, A.calamus expressed most antimicrobial activity against N.gonorrhoeae (14±11±0.43, 16.67±0.58, 19.34±0.58, respectively) whereas, C.intybus was found to be most toxic for E.coli. These findings favored the traditional medicinal usages of tested plants against urogenital infections and a cure for infertility.
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