Effects of paclobutrazol on flowering of juvenile durian trees cv. ‘Monthong’ and its costs and returns of production
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Abstract
Application of paclobutrazol 25% WP with foliar spray at 750 ppm or 60 ml/20 L water/tree on juvenile durian trees cv. ‘Monthong’ for treatment in December 5 (paclobutrazol application) had a significant effect in enhancing flower bud emergence duration faster by 7 days than treatment in November 5 (paclobutrazol application). However, both treatments (November5 and December5) had a very high percentage of flowering ranged from 93.6-97% after flower induction. Application of paclobutrazol for treatment in December 5 contributed to having a high number of flowered branches per tree, high fruit number per tree, high fruit weight per tree and consequently high yield compared with treatment in November5, except one-fruit weight. Although this value was not a significant parameter to determine the high yield. Through stepwise multiple regression analysis, the fruit weight per tree had the most significant influence on yield. The positive coefficient value indicates that by increasing fruit weight per tree, yield also increases. The gross cost of production in both treatments was not significantly different. But, the gross rate of return derived from treatment December5 was significantly higher than from treatment in November5. Treatment in December5 contributed to having mature fruits harvested at the peak season in June, which obtained the selling price higher than treatment in November5 where mature durian fruits harvested at the middle season in May. Therefore, flowering induced by paclobutrazol for treatment in December5 on the juvenile trees of durian cv. ‘Monthong’ was better than treatment in November5. It accounted for treatment in December5 having a high net profit as indicated by the value of benefit-cost ratio that was greater than 1 suggesting that this treatment can deliver a positive net present value to the producers of the juvenile durian trees and its investors rather than treatment in November5.
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