Colchicine and UV radiation treatment on somatic embryo formation of hybrid oil palm sub-PSU variety
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Abstract
Colchicine at 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 % for 12, 24 and 48 hour or UV-C irradiation at doses of 0, 1.8, 3.6, 7.2 and 9.0 kJ/m2 were used to treat embryogenic callus (EC) of oil palm cv. SUP-PSU, followed by culturing on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l dicamba and 200 mg/l ascorbic acid. The results showed that the LD50 of colchicine treatment was 0.3% for 24 hour after culturing for one month. Colchicine at 0.1% for 48 hour gave the highest proliferation of EC proliferation (98.33%), average number of EC (16.88 ECs/culture), somatic embryo (SE) induction (5.00%) and average number of SE (0.75 SE/culture), significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) after 3 months of culture. The LD50 of UV-C irradiation was 1.8 kJ/m2. ECs irradiated without of UV-C gave the highest proliferation of EC induction and SE induction at 38.88% and 16.25% respectively, significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) after 3 months of culture.
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