Anatomy, phytochemical analysis and medicinal uses of Pteris vittata L.
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Most of the diversity studies are focused in flowering plants and ferns and fern allies are almost neglected group of Plants are found in diverse parts of the world. Pteridophytes form a conspicuous flora and represent the earliest vascular land plants. More than 12,000 species of pteridophytes are estimated and distributed along different biogeographical regions of India. From the survey of literature, research shows that geographical description, morphological characters and uses of various plant species have been studied by many researchers however investigations on anatomical characters of various plants of pteridophytes are scanty or fragmentary. In the present work an effort has been made on Pteris vittatta L. a pteridophyta species of family Pteridaceae that commonly distributed in South Gujarat region, India. Mainly morphological, anatomical, phytochemical and medicinal uses of this plant is evaluated. Additionally, the secondary metabolites like saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and phenolic compounds were analyzed quantitatively. The internal characteristics of the plant that were found to be significant in taxonomy, pharmacognosy, and the active principal compounds that were isolated from the chosen fern will be utilized in future medical applications.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Balaji, B., Sridhar, M., Han, F. X., Diehl, S. V., Monts, D. L. and Su, Y. (2011). Effect of phytoaccumulation of arsenic and chromium on structural and ultrastructural changes of brake fern (Pteris vittata). Brazilian Journal of Physiology, 23:285-293.
Benjamin, A. and Manickam, V. S. (2007). Medicinal pteridophytes from the Western Ghats. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 6:611-618.
Benniamin, A., Fraser-Jenkins, C. R. and Irudayaraj, V. (2008). Polystichum manickamianum Dryopteridaceae, a new species from South India. Novon, 18:287-293.
Berlyn, G. P. and Miksche, J. P. (1976). Botanical micro technique and cytochemistry. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
Bondada, B., Tu, C. and Ma, L. (2006). Surface structure and anatomical aspects of Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata; Pteridaceae). Brittonia, 58:217-228.
Bower, F. O. (1928). The ferns (Filicales): The leptosporangiate ferns. Volume II Cambridge University Press.
Danh, L.T., Truong, P., Mammucari, R. and Foster, N. (2014). A critical review of the arsenic uptake mechanisms and phytoremediation potential of Pteris vittata. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 16:429-453. DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.798613.
Dudani, S. N., Mahesh, M. K., Mukri, V., Subash Chandran, M. D. and Ramachandra, T. V. (2013). An appraisal and conservation strategies for the Pteridophytes of Uttara Kannada. CES Technical Report 129, Centre for Ecological Sciences, IISc, Bengaluru.
Dudani, S. N. and Gavali, D. J. (2016). Thelyptris prolifera (Retz.) Copel. – A new fern record for Gujarat state and an additional distribution record for Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn, in Gujarat. Indian Journal of Plant Sciences, 5:7-10.
Eames, A. J. (1936). Morphology of vascular plants: Lower groups (Psilophytales to Filicales). McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Fayiga, A. O. and Saha, K. U. (2016). Arsenic hyperaccumulating fern: implications for remediation of arsenic contaminated soils. Geoderma, 284:132-143. DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.09.003.
Ganesan, K. and Xu, B. (2014). A critical review on phytochemical profile and health-promoting effects of Pteris cretica L. Food Science and Human Wellness, 3:103-111.
Gracelin, D. H. S., De Beritta, A. J. and Rathna Kumar, B. J. (2013). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemicals in five Pteris species. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5:101-105.
Hall, J. B. (1970). Pteris vittata L. a gold mine fern in Ghana. Nigerian Field, 35:1-9.
Harborne, J. (1973). Phytochemical methods. Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 49-88.
Inamdar, J. A. and Shah, J. J. (1967). Occurrence of Ophioglossum nudicaule L. f. and Ophioglossum nudicaule var. macrorrhizum (Kze.) Clausen in Dharampur forest. Indian Forester, 93:95-97.
Jain, R. (2023). Phytochemical evaluation and antioxidant activity of Pteris vittata L. from Bhivandi. Journal of Advance Zoology, 44:2565-2569.
Jones, D. L. (1987). Encyclopedia of ferns: An introduction to ferns, their structure, biology, economic importance, cultivation and propagation. Lothian Publishing Company, Melbourne, Australia.
Kachhiyapatel, R. N., Raole, V. M. and Rajput, K. S. (2017). New distribution record of Lepisorus nudua (Hook.) Ching and Microsorum membranaceum (D.Don) Ching (Polypodiaceae) in Pteridophyte Flora of the Gujarat State, India. Phytomorphology, 67:47-54.
Kanthal, L. K., Pattanayak, S., Mondal, R., Roy, S., Das, S., Guria, D., Khatua, U. and Bera, S. (2023). Pharmacognostical study and phytochemical evaluation of Pteris vittata L. Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, 15:1-6.
Kaur, P., Kaur, S. and Kaur, S. (2021). Chemical composition, antigenotoxic, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of n-butanol fraction from Pteris vittata L. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 12:1735-1745. DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.
Khandelwal, K. R. (2005). Practical pharmacognosy: Techniques and experiments. Nirali Prakashan, Pune, pp.149-156.
Kokate, C. K., Purohit, A. P. and Gokhale, S. B. (1998). Pharmacognosy. Nirali Prakashan, Pune, pp.106-114.
Kumar, G. S., Neethu Kannan, B. and Kanagarajan, A. (2019). Anatomical and antimicrobial studies on Pteris vittata L. International Journal of Scientific Research, 10: 35332-35334.
Kumari, P., Mahmoudi, A., Otaghvari, H., Govindapyari, Bahuguna, Y. M. and Uniyal, P. L. (2011). Some ethno-medicinally important Pteridophytes of India. International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 1:18-22.
Manickam, V. S. and Irudayaraj, V. (1992). Pteridophytic flora of the Western Ghats-South India. B.I. Publications, New Delhi, p. 666.
Matzen, S. L., Lobo, G. P., Fakra, S. C., Kakouridis, A., Nico, P. S. and Pallud, C. E. (2022). Arsenic hyper - accumulator Pteris vittata shows reduced biomass in soils with high arsenic and low nutrient availability, leading to increased arsenic leaching from soil. Science of the Total Environment, 818:151803.
Metcalfe, C. R. and Chalk, L. (1950). Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Microbenotes (2024). Pteris (brake fern): Morphology, characteristics, reproduction, uses. Retrieved [09/11/24], from https://2024.com/pteris-brake-fern/.
Mohany, K. M., Abdel Shakour, A. B., Mohamed, S. I. et al. (2023). Cytotoxic n-hexane fraction of the Egyptian Pteris vittata functions as anti-breast cancer through coordinated actions on apoptotic and autophagic pathways. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 195:6927-6941. DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04464-3.
Nair, B. K. (1959). Medicinal ferns of India. Bulletin of National Botanical Garden, Lucknow, 29:1-36.
Nayar, N. C. and Daniel, P. (1986). The floristic diversity of the Western Ghats of South India and its conservation: A review. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences Supplement, pp.127-163.
Nayar, B. K. and Devi, S. (1964). Spore morphology of Indian ferns I. Aspidiaceae. Grana, 5:80-120.
Ogura, Y. (1972). Comparative anatomy of vegetative organs of the Pteridophytes. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin.
Pant, D. D. and Khare, P. K. (1970). Epidermal studies in ferns. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 63:1-15.
Patel, M. and Reddy, M. N. (2018). Additions to the Pteridophyte diversity of Gujarat, India. International Journal of Botany Studies, 3:164-167.
Punetha, N. (1990). Vascular morphology of stipe and rachis in some western Himalayan species of Pteris L. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci, 100:399-407. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03053487
Rajput, K. S. and Raole, V. M. (2015). Exploration and documentation of Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms flora of Gujarat state. Final Technical Report submitted to Gujarat Biodiversity Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
Rajput, K. S., Kachhiyapatel, R. N., Patel, S. K. and Raole, V. M. (2016). Assessment of Pteridophyte diversity and their status in Gujarat State, Western India. Plant Science Today, 3:337-348.
Rout, S. D., Panda, T. and Mishra, N. (2009). Ethnomedicinal studies on some pteridophytes of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Orissa, India. International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 1:192-197.
Shah, J. J. and Vaidya, B. S. (1964). Occurrence of Ophioglossum in Dangs forests. Vidya, 7:92-95.
Singh, M., Govindarajan, R., Rawat, A. K. S. et al. (2008). Antimicrobial flavonoid rutin from Pteris vittata L. against pathogenic gastrointestinal microflora. American Fern Journal, 98:98-103. DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444(2008)98[98: AFRFPV]2.0.CO;2.
Singh, M., Malhotra, K. and Singh, C. (2015). Phytochemical evaluation and antioxidant activity of different samples of Pteris vittata in Doon Valley, Uttarakhand Region. International Journal of Pure and Applied Bioscience, 3:296-304.
Sporne, K. R. (1966). The morphology of pteridophytes. Hutchinson University Library.
Srivastava, M., Santos, J., Srivastava, P. and Ma, L. Q. (2010). Comparison in 18 fern species and four Pteris vittata accessions. Bioresource Technology, 101:2691-2699.
Suissa, J. S. (2020). Policyclic solenostele – A new synapomorphy of Pteris sect. Litodrochia. American Fern Journal, 110:127-138.
Tack, F. M. G. and Meers, E. (2010). Assisted phytoextraction: helping plants to help us. Elements, 6:383-388.
Trease, G. E. and Evans, W. C. (1989). Pharmacognosy. ELBS Publishers, Delhi.
Tryon, A. F. and Lugardon, B. (1991). Spores of the Pteridophyta. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Vongthavone, T., Tagane, S., Souladeth, P. et al. (2025). Two new species and five new distribution records of Pteridophytes from Phou Pha Marn Limestone Karst in Central Laos. Kew Bulletin, 80:185-196. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-024-10213-4.
Wahid, F., Khan, T., Shehzad, O., Shehzad, A. and Y. Y. (2015). Phytochemical analysis and effects of Pteris vittata extract on visual processes. Journal of Natural Medicine, 11418:0930-8.
Wan, X. M., Lei, M. and Chen, T. B. (2016). Cost-benefit calculation of phytoremediation technology for heavy-metal-contaminated soil. Science of the Total Environment, 563:796-802.
Xie, Q. E., Yan, X. L., Liao, X. Y. and Li, X. (2009). The arsenic hyperaccumulator fern Pteris vittata L. Environmental Science and Technology, 43:8488-8495. DOI: 10.1021/es9014647.
