Effects of nutrient solution formulas and concentrations on the growth rate and chlorophyll content of Wolffia arrhiza

Abstract

This research investigated the optimal concentration of AB hydroponic fertilizer to maximize the growth and nutritional quality of watermeal (Wolffia arrhiza), a highly productive aquatic plant. Given its potential as a sustainable resource, identifying precise nutrient thresholds is critical for efficient large-scale cultivation. The results demonstrated that nutrient concentration significantly dictated biomass outcomes and biochemical composition. The highest productivity was observed at a concentration of 1000 ppm, which produced a maximum dry weight of 38.08 ± 4.67 g. This concentration also optimized the plant's photosynthetic capacity, yielding the highest average amounts of chlorophyll a (40.81 ± 1.91 mg/L) and chlorophyll b (8.40 ± 1.91 mg/L). Furthermore, statistical evaluation revealed a significant linear relationship between pigment levels and biomass. Chlorophyll content was identified as a reliable factor for predicting the total yield of Wolffia arrhiza. Through linear regression analysis, a predictive model was developed, allowing for the estimation of harvest yields based on these biochemical markers. This research provided a quantitative framework for optimizing hydroponic systems, ensuring high yields while managing resource inputs efficiently for sustainable agricultural applications.